Malignant hypert Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

What is Malignant hyperthermia? - -inherited disorder of skeletal muscle -triggered in susceptible humans or animals by inhalation agents or Sch Name the 4 characteristics MH. - -hypermetabolism -skeletal muscle damage -hyperthermia -death ( if left untreated) T/F. A MH susceptible person often will not trigger with every exposure. - true Patients with trismus have ____ incidence of positive MH testing. - higher T/F. Unusual before age 3 or after age 60. - true T/F. Males affected more ...

What is Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) and what is it triggered by? - MH is characterized by a HYPERMETABOLIC state and SKELETAL MUSCLE RIGIDITY It is triggered by exposure to INHALATIONAL agents or SUCCINYLCHOLINE in susceptible individuals What is the pathophysiology of MH? - Pathophysiology of MH: - numerous mutations on the Ryanodine (Ryr1) and alpha 1 subunit of Ca+ receptor - impairment of Ca+ reuptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum when exposed to trigger agents What is the incidence of...

What is malignant hyperthermia (MHS)? - This is a complex genetic disorder of skeletal muscle typically manifesting clinically as a hypermetabolic crisis when a susceptible individual receives a halogenated inhalational anesthetic agent or succinylcholine -They have skeletal muscle receptor abnormalities that allow excessive myoplasmic calcium to accumulate in the presence of certain anesthetic triggering agents. This excessive Ca lead to sustained muscle contraction How is malignant hyper...

Overview - Rare inherited disorder in which a severe life-threatening reaction occurs due to inhaled anesthesia gases or a muscle relaxant called succinylcholine Hypermetabolic state that results in a rapid rise in body temperature and severe muscle contraction Possibly resulting in death if untreated Overview-Pathophysiology - A defect in calcium regulation results from a triggering anesthetic agent due to an inherited disorder of the musculoskeletal system. This calcium regulation defect ...

What is malignant hyperthermia? - It is a rare, life-threatening, hypermetabolic skeletal muscle disorder. How does malignant hyperthermia occur? - Triggering agents induce significantly increased calcium concentrations in the skeletal muscle cells. Sustained muscle contraction occurs. Energy-dependent calcium channels try to remove the excess calcium which increases the metabolism of the skeletal muscles. The increased metabolism depletes ATP stores and causes lactic acidosis. The acidosis...

Arrhythmia - Irregular heartbeat. Improper beating of the heart. Hypercapnia - Excessive carbon dioxide in the bloodstream Hyperkalemia - Condition in which there is too much potassium in the blood. Metabolic Acidosis - A pH imbalance in which the body has accumulated too much acid Myoglobinuria - Muscle protein in the urine. Usually associated with rhabdomyolysis or muscle destruction. Cola colored urine. Rhabdomyolysis - Condition in which skeletal muscle is broken down, releasing muscl...

Malignant hyperthermia - is a life-threatening familial hypermetabolic disorder of skeletal muscle that can be precipitated by specific anesthetic agents. characteristics of MH - tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperthermia, generalized muscle rigidity, acidosis, and increasing ETCO2 levels. how fast does the temperature increase with MH? - Rapid increase in temperature by as mush as 1o C every 5 mins. how does acidosis result from MH? - is a result of increased skeletal muscle metabolism that may...

What is the incidence of malignant hyperthermia in children? Adults? What is the mortality rate for malignant hyperthermia? - The incidence of malignant hyperthermia is 1 in 15,000 anesthetics in children and 1 in 50,000 in adults, The mortality rate is 10%. What are eleven clinical manifestations of malignant hyperthermia? - (1) Hypercarbia, (2) tachycardia, (3) tachypnea, (4) hyperthermia, (5) hypertension, (6) cardiac dysrhythmias, (7)acidosis (metabolic), (8) hyperkalemia, (9) skeletal ...

Malignant hyperthermia triggers - Succinylcholine Volatile anesthetics Disease associated with malignant hyperthermia - Central core disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy Myotonic dystrophy Osteogenesis imperfecta Myelomeningocele Strabismus Signs/symptoms of malignant hyperthermia (also name the most sensitive, specific and earliest) - 1) Tachycardia (earliest) 2) Increased ETCO2 despite adequate ventilation (most sensitive/specific) 3) Rigidity 4) Elevated temperature 5) Acidosis 6...