exam questions with answer ,class notes

Chronic inflammation This is an inflammatory cellular response that may have an immunological basis attended by fibroblastic reaction.  Considered to be of prolonged duration. (months to years) and commonly follows acute inflammation but may start by it self especially when causative organisms are of low grade virulence or the basis of the injury is an antigen-antibody reaction e.g Rheumatic fever & rheumatoid arthritis.  Characterised by: 1) Continued active inflamm...

Diseases can be classified in different ways.  The broad classification is: Infectious diseases: Can be spread from one host to another. II. Non-infectious diseases: Cannot be spread. The above classification is to do with the tendency to spread. There are numerous modes of spread that include: 1. Through contact. 2. Inhalation 3. Exchange of body fluids (blood, mucous, semen, vaginal secretions, saliva, pus and joint aspirates) 4. Through eating infected fo...

Cranial Nerve 1OLFACTORY NERVE Classification  Olfactory nerve is part of autonomic nervous system.  It is a special somatic afferent nerve .  This is the shortest sensory nerve in the human body.  This nerve is divided into: a) b) Lateral :located in superior nasal concha Medial :located along nasal septum

Classification • It provides both motor and parasympathetic innervation to some structures within the bony orbit

CNIV; Trochlear Nerve FUNCTIONS It controls the movement of superior oblique muscle of the eye. This muscles moves the eye down and rotate rotates the top of the eye towards the nose. It also helps to move the eye outward when the eye is looking downward. CLASSIFICATIONS Cranial nerve is a general somatic motor nerve. The trochlear nerve originates from the midbrain and enters the orbit through the superior orbital fissure supplying the superior oblique

It is also known as the ninth cranial nerve ,cranial nerve IX or simply CN IX ,is a cranial nerve that exits the brainstem from the sides of the upper medulla ,just anterior (closer to the nose) to the vagus nerve . Being a mixed nerve (sensorimotor),it carries afferent sensory and efferent motor information . The motor division of the glossopharyngael nerve is derived from the basal plate of the embryonic medulla oblangata, whereas the sensory divion originates from the cran...

CRANIAL NERVE V (TRIGEMINAL NERVE) TRIGEMINAL NERVE • Cranial nerve v is both sensory and motor nerve. • It is divided into three main branches:-Ophthalmic(v1)-Maxillary(v2)-mandibular(v3

SIXTH CRANIAL NERVE •Also known as Abducens nerve •Performs somatic motor functions and lacks any sensory functions Originates from abducens nucleus found in the ventral aspect of the pons The trochlear nerve , oculomotor nerve and abducens nerve work together to control eye movements Functions Sends signals to the lateral rectus muscle of the eye which

CRANIAL NERVE 8 VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR The vestibulocochlear nerve consists of the vestibular and cochlear nerves, also known as cranial nerve eight (CN VIII). CLASSIFICATION SENSORY NERVE members: NS201/109963/22 NS201/109949/22

VAGUS NERVE(X) • Vagus nerve is both a motor and sensory nerve • It perfoms motor innervation of; Palatoglossus muscle Pharynx Larynx • It perfom sensory innervation by;  Providing taste sensation to root of the tongue • It also provide visceral sensation to the heart and abdominal visceral FUCTIONS OF VAGUS NERVE  Regulate internal organs functions such as;  Digestion  Heart rate  Respiratory rate  Vasomotor activity  Reflex a...