exam questions with answer ,class notes

The spinal components These fibers coalesce to form the spinal part of the accessory nerve which runs superiorly to enter the cranial cavity via the foramen Magnum. The nerve traverse the posterior cranial fossa to reach the jugular foramen. It briefly meets the cranial portion of the accessory nerve before exiting the skull (along With the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve) Cranial components

HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE Hypoglossal nerve is the cranial nerve 12 It is mainly a efferent nerve{MOTOR } for the tongue musculature It originates from the medulla and travel caudally and dorsally to the tongue It has several branches which are ; meningeal , descending , thyrothyroid and muscular Muscular branch is considered part of the real hypoglossal nerve originating from the hypoglossal nucleus FUNCTIONS OF THE HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE Descending branch carries in...

SYSTEMATIC MICROBIOLOGY Microbiology include: 1. Bacteriology 2. Virology 3. mycology 1) BACTERIOLOGY 1) COCCI 2) COCCO-BACILLI 3) RODS 4) SPIROCHEATES, MICOBACTERIA, RICKETSIA, MYCOPLASMA, CLAMYDIA Leaning objectives: At the end of the lesson, the student shall be able to: 1. List the antigenic structure of bacteria 2. Apply the different chemical laboratory methods to identify the pathogenic bacteria 3. Develop the major classification scheme for gram-positive and...

B) COCCO-BACILLI GRAM NEGATIVE COCCOBACILLI Genus: Haemophilus Brucella Francisella pasteurella Bordetella Yersinia GENUS: HAEMOPHILLUS • Kingdom: Bacteria • Family: Pasteurellaceae • Genus: haemophillus • Spp: i. H. influenzae ii. H. ducreyi iii. H. aegyptius iv. H. parainfluenza etc GENUS: HAEMOPHILUS General characteristics: • Belong to family Pasteurellaceae • This is a group of small gram-negative, pleomorphic coccobacilli. • Aerobi...

INTRODUCTION In this lecture we are going to introduce you to the theory of communication. As a human being you have to communicate. Communication is a key element in any human activity. Communication is a learned skill. However, while most people are born with the physical ability to talk, not all can communicate well unless they make special efforts to develop and refine this communication skill. Very often, we take the ease with which we communicate with each other for granted, so...

• Distribution in the pharmaceutical context refers to the process of moving medical commodities from manufacturers or wholesalers to various points of use, such as pharmacies, hospitals, clinics, and other healthcare facilities. This process involves seveal key steps: • LIMIRI N. S. Inventory Management • Before distribution can occur, inventory must be managed effectively. This includes tracking stock levels, monitoring expiration dates, and ensuring adequate quantities of...

COMMUNICATION SKILLS Functional writing Functional writing is writing that is meant to fulfill real life purposes, such as: making a request or giving advice, inviting someone for a visit or to a function, applying for something e.t.c. Functional writing includes the writing of business letters, memorandum, notices, agenda, minutes, advertisements, e mail, facsimile and press releases. A. Business letters/ E-mail Functions of a business letter  To provide a convenient and in...

COMMUNITY ACTION CYCLE IN MOBILIZATION Phase 1: Prepare to Mobilize • Form Community Mobilization Technical Assistance Team Phase 2: Organize the Community for Action • Orient community to Community action • Form community mobilization teams at sub-county level • Conduct capacity assessment and training Phase 3: Explore Community Gender Norms • Set Priorities for Change • Community should explore and prioritize activities Phase 4: Plan for Gender Norm • Chan...

COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES Organization of Health Services • History and current trends • Health care providers • Need and demand for health • Population coverage • Levels of health services • Primary health care • Principles of primary health care • Community involvement and intersectoral collaboration • Community-based health care • Health care financing HISTORY AND CURRENT TRENDS IN HEALTH SERVICES Taking care of sick people has been a part of...

Introduction to the Community Strategy • Communities are at the foundation of affordable, equitable and effective health care. The community, in fact, represents level 1 in the Kenya • Essential Package for Health (KEPH) proposed in the second National Health Sector Strategic Plan 2005–2010 (NHSSP II). It is so important to the success of NHSSP II that a specific strategy was developed for rolling out the strategic plan at community level: Taking the Kenya Essential Package for...