Anoshasoomro

A complete guide on polymerisation. Description and explanation of addition and condensation polymerisation. Terylene,Nylon,kevlar Polyamides and polylactic acid described and structures shown with its uses. Natural Polyamides,polyesters description and its hydrolysis. Useful polymers such as LDPE,HDPE,Synthetic rubber,conducting polymer,degradable polymer and adhesives description,properties and structures.

A complete guide on Phenols and its properties. Reaction with water, Na metal and NaOH with its mechanisms, conditions and structures. Nitration of phenols, Halogenation of phenols with its mechanism and diagrams. Relative acidity of ethanol, ethanoic acid, phenol and water with equations and explanation.

A complete guide of NMR spectrometry. Proton NMR description and working out proton NMR from graph with different number and types of peaks and with its splitting pattern. Labile protons description.

Description of C-13 NMR spectrometry and how to calculate it from the graph. Worked examples of how to calculate it.

A complete guide on ionic equilibria. Description of ionic constant of water/strong acids/strong bases and its calculation with numerous worked examples. Formula of pH and Work out the pH of any solution. Weak acid/weak bases ionic constant along with its calculations and numerous worked examples of each. Colour change of indicators such as phenolpthalein,bromothymol blue,methyl orange and methyl red. Titration curves and its types with its calculations and worked examples. Buffer solution expla...

Complete guide on benzene,methyl benzene and aryl halides. Properties and description of benzene rings. Structure of benzene derivatives and their naming. Combustion of benzene,free radical substitution and electrophilic substitution with conditions and mechanisms. Alkylation and acylation mechanism, conditions and products with diagrams. Side chain reactions with mechanisms(free radical substitution,oxidation with potassium manganate,halogenation, nitration and bromination). Aryl halides and it...

A complete guide on electrochemistry. Definition of electrochemistry and its types explained with diagrams. Application of electrolysis such as extraction of aluminum from its ore, electrolysis of brine and purification of copper. Cathode and anode equations along with overall equations. Diagrams of all of these reactions. Possible questions with answers. Quantitative electrolysis calculations and worked examples. Galvanic cell examples and explanation. Standard hydrogen electrode and enthalpy c...

A complete guide on mass spectrometry. It includes calculation of number of isotopes,mass of isotopes and relative abundances of isotopes. Worked examples of all of these topics.

Complete guide on Acyl Chlorides. Formation of acyl chlorides and its properties.Reaction of hydrolysis,reaction with alcohol,reaction with phenols,reaction with primary amines,reaction with ammonia and their conditions. Diagram representations of all of these reactions. The ease of hydrolysis from acyl chlorides,alkyl chlorides and aryl chlorides.

Complete guide on carboxylic acids and derivatives. Formation of carboxylic acids from alcohols, aldehydes and nitriles with its conditions. Reaction of carboxylic acid with metal,alkali and metal carbonates to form salts. Reduction of carboxylic acid and reaction with alcohols. Oxidation of carboxylic acids with fehlings reagent, tollens reagent and potassium manganate. Relative acidity of carboxylic acids and its derivatives