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BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES MCAT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
sucrose - Answers- 
 
lactose - Answers- 
 
glycogen - Answers- 
 
starch - Answers- 
 
cellulose - Answers- 
 
triacylglyceride - Answers- 
 
phospholipid - Answers- 
 
terpene - Answers- 
 
cholesterol - Answers- 
 
nucleotide - Answers- 
 
nucleoside - Answers- 
 
cytosine - Answers- 
 
thymine - Answers- 
 
uracil - Answers- 
 
adenine - Answers- 
 
guanine - Answers- 
 
glucose - Answers- 
 
glucose-6-P - Answers-
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 5 pages •
sucrose - Answers- 
 
lactose - Answers- 
 
glycogen - Answers- 
 
starch - Answers- 
 
cellulose - Answers- 
 
triacylglyceride - Answers- 
 
phospholipid - Answers- 
 
terpene - Answers- 
 
cholesterol - Answers- 
 
nucleotide - Answers- 
 
nucleoside - Answers- 
 
cytosine - Answers- 
 
thymine - Answers- 
 
uracil - Answers- 
 
adenine - Answers- 
 
guanine - Answers- 
 
glucose - Answers- 
 
glucose-6-P - Answers-
MCAT BASICS QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS.
Piaget's stages of cognitive development - Answers-1. sensorimotor 
2. preoperational 
3. concrete operational 
4. formal operational 
 
Piaget: Sensorimotor Stage - Answers-0-2 years; intelligence takes the form of motor actions. object permanence, water is wet, the water moves if i touch the glass 
 
Piaget: Preoperational - Answers-2-7; more extensive use of language and symbolism; magical thinking, self focused, this is water 
 
Piaget: Concrete Operational - Answers-7-11. Thinking logica...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 7 pages •
Piaget's stages of cognitive development - Answers-1. sensorimotor 
2. preoperational 
3. concrete operational 
4. formal operational 
 
Piaget: Sensorimotor Stage - Answers-0-2 years; intelligence takes the form of motor actions. object permanence, water is wet, the water moves if i touch the glass 
 
Piaget: Preoperational - Answers-2-7; more extensive use of language and symbolism; magical thinking, self focused, this is water 
 
Piaget: Concrete Operational - Answers-7-11. Thinking logica...
MCAT KHAN ACADEMY EXAM AND ANSWERS.
Motion parallax: (ex. when driving in desert, mountain far away perceived to be moving slower than objects close to the car that seem to move very fast) 
 
Constancy - Answers-Shape constancy: (ex. understand door is rectangular even if it is "changing shape" while being opened in front of us) 
 
Color constancy: (ex. red cup is partially dark in one side due to lighting, but is still red) 
 
Size constancy: (ex. person further away appears to be smaller, but still same size as person clos...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 2 pages •
Motion parallax: (ex. when driving in desert, mountain far away perceived to be moving slower than objects close to the car that seem to move very fast) 
 
Constancy - Answers-Shape constancy: (ex. understand door is rectangular even if it is "changing shape" while being opened in front of us) 
 
Color constancy: (ex. red cup is partially dark in one side due to lighting, but is still red) 
 
Size constancy: (ex. person further away appears to be smaller, but still same size as person clos...
MCAT PHYSICS QUIZ WITH ANSWERS.
Efficiency - Answers-The amount of useful work generated by a machine for a given amount of work put into the system: 
 
E = W(out)/W(in) 
 
Thermal expansion of solids - Answers-ΔL = αLΔT 
 
Thermal expansion of liquids - Answers-ΔV = βVΔT 
 
State functions - Answers-Thermodynamic properties that are a function of only the current equilibrium state of a system, such as: 
P, T, V, H, G, S 
 
Not measured by an integral
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 4 pages •
Efficiency - Answers-The amount of useful work generated by a machine for a given amount of work put into the system: 
 
E = W(out)/W(in) 
 
Thermal expansion of solids - Answers-ΔL = αLΔT 
 
Thermal expansion of liquids - Answers-ΔV = βVΔT 
 
State functions - Answers-Thermodynamic properties that are a function of only the current equilibrium state of a system, such as: 
P, T, V, H, G, S 
 
Not measured by an integral
MCAT CELL BIOLOGY QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS.
Mitochondria - Answers--power plant of the cell, provides energy 
-outer membrane, inner membrane (cristae), intermembrane space, michondrial matrix 
-semi-autonomous - have their own DNA and can replicate through binary fision = cytoplasmic/extranuclear inheritance 
 
**RBCs don't have mitochondria - their only source of energy is from glycolysis 
 
Apoptosis - Answers--programmed cell death 
 
-mitchondria can do apoptosis, as well as lysosomes 
 
Lysosomes - Answers--have hydrolytic enzyme...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 5 pages •
Mitochondria - Answers--power plant of the cell, provides energy 
-outer membrane, inner membrane (cristae), intermembrane space, michondrial matrix 
-semi-autonomous - have their own DNA and can replicate through binary fision = cytoplasmic/extranuclear inheritance 
 
**RBCs don't have mitochondria - their only source of energy is from glycolysis 
 
Apoptosis - Answers--programmed cell death 
 
-mitchondria can do apoptosis, as well as lysosomes 
 
Lysosomes - Answers--have hydrolytic enzyme...
LAST MINUTE MCAT STUDYING QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS.
Peptide Hormones - Answers-Ant Pit: FSH, LH, ACTH, hGH, TSH, Prolaxctin 
Post Pit: ADH oxytocin 
Parathy: PTH 
Pancreatic: Glucagon and Insulin 
 
Steroid Hormone Decription - Answers-Derived from cholesterol 
Smooth endo rect 
Protein transport 
Diffuse through membrane 
 
Steroid Hormones - Answers-Glucocorticoids and mineral corticoids of adrenal cortex; cortisol and aldosterone 
Gonad Hormones: Estrogen, Progesterone, Testosterone 
 
Tyrosine Derivatives - Answers-Thyroid Hormones; T3 and T4...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 5 pages •
Peptide Hormones - Answers-Ant Pit: FSH, LH, ACTH, hGH, TSH, Prolaxctin 
Post Pit: ADH oxytocin 
Parathy: PTH 
Pancreatic: Glucagon and Insulin 
 
Steroid Hormone Decription - Answers-Derived from cholesterol 
Smooth endo rect 
Protein transport 
Diffuse through membrane 
 
Steroid Hormones - Answers-Glucocorticoids and mineral corticoids of adrenal cortex; cortisol and aldosterone 
Gonad Hormones: Estrogen, Progesterone, Testosterone 
 
Tyrosine Derivatives - Answers-Thyroid Hormones; T3 and T4...
MCAT BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS.
Difference between Absolute Threshold and Threshold of Conscious Perception - Answers--A stimulus below AT will not be transduced and never reaches CNS 
-A stimulus below TCP arrives at CNS but does not reach the higher-order brain regions controlling attention and consciousness 
 
Difference Threshold (JND) - Answers-The minimum of difference in magnitude between 2 stimuli before one can perceive the difference 
 
Weber's Law - Answers-states that the JND for a stimulus is proportional to th...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 40 pages •
Difference between Absolute Threshold and Threshold of Conscious Perception - Answers--A stimulus below AT will not be transduced and never reaches CNS 
-A stimulus below TCP arrives at CNS but does not reach the higher-order brain regions controlling attention and consciousness 
 
Difference Threshold (JND) - Answers-The minimum of difference in magnitude between 2 stimuli before one can perceive the difference 
 
Weber's Law - Answers-states that the JND for a stimulus is proportional to th...
MCAT -CARBOHYDRATES REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
lactose - Answers-galactose-b-1,4-glucose 
 
maltose - Answers-glucose-a-1,4-glucose 
 
cellulose - Answers-polymer of 1,4 linked beta-d-glucose 
 
startch - Answers-polymers of alpha-d-glucose 
example: amylose 
 
amylopectin also has branches of a-1,6 bonds 
iodine tests for the presence of start 
 
benedicts reagent - Answers-detects reducing sugars, red precipitate forms 
 
glucose oxidase - Answers-reduces glucose and only glucose 
 
dilute nitric acid - Answers-reduces aldehyde and primary
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 2 pages •
lactose - Answers-galactose-b-1,4-glucose 
 
maltose - Answers-glucose-a-1,4-glucose 
 
cellulose - Answers-polymer of 1,4 linked beta-d-glucose 
 
startch - Answers-polymers of alpha-d-glucose 
example: amylose 
 
amylopectin also has branches of a-1,6 bonds 
iodine tests for the presence of start 
 
benedicts reagent - Answers-detects reducing sugars, red precipitate forms 
 
glucose oxidase - Answers-reduces glucose and only glucose 
 
dilute nitric acid - Answers-reduces aldehyde and primary
MCAT GLYCOLYSIS QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS.
When glucose is taken up by its target cells, we want to make sure it isn't taken up by receptors and removed from the cell. Thats why hexokinase (or glucokinase) phosphorylates glucose, making it into................... and trapping it in the cell. - Answers-glucose 6-P 
 
What is the most common biological role for a kinase? - Answers-Adds a phosphate group 
 
Hexokinase is most active when glucose is................ and glucokinase is most active when glucose is................. - Answers-...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 4 pages •
When glucose is taken up by its target cells, we want to make sure it isn't taken up by receptors and removed from the cell. Thats why hexokinase (or glucokinase) phosphorylates glucose, making it into................... and trapping it in the cell. - Answers-glucose 6-P 
 
What is the most common biological role for a kinase? - Answers-Adds a phosphate group 
 
Hexokinase is most active when glucose is................ and glucokinase is most active when glucose is................. - Answers-...
MCAT 2024 QUIZ WITH ANSWERS.
skin cells and muscle cells have same DNA with different expression 
 
peptide bond structure - Answers-linked amino acids (peptide bonds) form polypeptide chain 
 
polypeptide chain fold to form protein 
 
how are peptide bonds formed - Answers-nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction between carboxyl group 
 
amino acid structure - Answers-H, NH2, COOH bonded to a central carbon and then a variable R group (side chain) 
 
amino group - Answers-NH2 
 
carboxyl group - Answers-COOH
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 1 pages •
skin cells and muscle cells have same DNA with different expression 
 
peptide bond structure - Answers-linked amino acids (peptide bonds) form polypeptide chain 
 
polypeptide chain fold to form protein 
 
how are peptide bonds formed - Answers-nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction between carboxyl group 
 
amino acid structure - Answers-H, NH2, COOH bonded to a central carbon and then a variable R group (side chain) 
 
amino group - Answers-NH2 
 
carboxyl group - Answers-COOH