NURSING 305 Pharmacological Flashcards Jackson Weber: case study, already graded A

NURSING 305 Pharmacological Flashcards Jackson Weber: case study, already graded A-NAME OF MEDICATION, CLASSIFICATION, AND INCLUDE PROTOTYPE: MEDICATION: Phenobarbital CLASSIFICATION: Barbiturate PROTOTYPE: Antiepileptic SAFE DOSE OR DOSE RANGE, SAFE ROUTE: • Adults PO: 30 – 320mg mg IM or IV: 30 – 320 mg • Pediatric patients PO: 3 - 6 mg/kg IM or IV: 1 - 6mg/kg PURPOSE FOR TAKING THIS MEDICATION: • Sedative • Insomnia • Generalized tonic-clonic and cortical focal seizures • Emergency control of certain acute seizures (eg, those associated with status epilepticus, eclampsia, meningitis, tetanus, and toxic reactions to strychnine or local anesthetics) • Preanesthetic Adverse Effects: • CNS: Somnolence, agitation, confusion, hyperkinesia, ataxia, vertigo, CNS depression, nightmares, lethargy, residual sedation (hangover), nervousness, psychiatric disturbance, hallucinations, insomnia, anxiety, dizziness, thinking • CV: Bradycardia, hypotension, syncope • GI: Nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, epigastric pain • Hypersensitivity: Rashes, angioneurotic edema, serum sickness, morbilliform rash, urticaria, rarely, exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome • Local: Pain, tissue necrosis at injection site, gangrene, arterial spasm with inadvertent intra-arterial injection, thrombophlebitis, permanent neurologic deficit if injected near a nerve • Respiratory: Hypoventilation, apnea, respiratory depression, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, circulatory collapse • Other: Tolerance, psychological and physical dependence, withdrawal syndrome Contraindications: • Hypersensitivity to barbiturates or carbamazepine • Latent porphyria • Marked liver impairment