ENWC 201 Final Exam with correct ANSWERS 2022

what is an animal's niche - ANSWER-it's role or job in the ecosystem how many dimensions can a niche have - ANSWER-it can have many dimensions can animals share a niche - ANSWER-no, one of them are going to out win the other specialist - ANSWER-animals with specific needs and a low range of tolerance generalist - ANSWER-animals with unspecific needs and a high range of tolerance logistic growth - ANSWER-when growth rate decreases as the population reaches carrying capacity what limiting factors might lead to a a given K carrying capacity - ANSWER-starvation, disease, weather, population size energy pyramid - ANSWER-the graphical model of energy flow in a community whats at the bottom of the energy pyramid - ANSWER-producers whats at the top of the energy pyramid - ANSWER-tertiary consumers where is the most energy/least energy found - ANSWER-the most is found at the bottom of the pyramid because it receives the energy directly from the sun what are the two key components of an animal's habitat - ANSWER-food and shelter natural selection - ANSWER-the process that determines that determines which animals will reproduce and pass on genes to the next generation biomes - ANSWER-similar communities in different parts of the world with similar climates how does biodiversity change as we get nearer to the poles or conversely, closer to the equator? - ANSWER-there is more biodiversity near the tropics less biodiversity when you get closer to the poles what are ecosystem services - ANSWER-provisioning, regulation, supporting, cultural provisioning - ANSWER-agriculture regulation - ANSWER-water purification supporting - ANSWER-nutrient cycle cultural - ANSWER-ethical values K strategist - ANSWER-generally larger animals, longer lived, fewer offspring, more parental care R strategist - ANSWER-generally smaller animals, shorter lived, many offspring, limited parental care pleistocene overkill - ANSWER-the argument that humans were responsible for the late pleistocene extinction of mega fauna what did teddy do to earn his term in office being coined as the golden age in conservation - ANSWER-expanded national parks, beefed up enforcement, first wildlife refugee overexploitation - ANSWER-use of resources in an unsustainable manner what is the largest threat to terrestrial biodiversity around the world - ANSWER-low of habitat propagule pressure - ANSWER-quality, quantity, and frequency of arriving organisms what are pathways of invasion - ANSWER-any oath that can transport an organism beyond its native range acid rain - ANSWER-secondary air pollutant caused by sulfur and nitrogen reacting in atmosphere to become sulfuric and nitric acid how does climate change affect timing known and the phenology of an animal - ANSWER-it can result if off timing flowering, migration, or mating what happens if phonologies are mismatched? - ANSWER-if all organisms don't adjust it can harm an organism how did the carbon get sequestered into our fossil fuels - ANSWER-flowering plants called angiosperm didn't decompose what was the cretaceous like climatically - ANSWER-wet with little oxygen what were carbon levels like in the cretaceous - ANSWER-lots of carbon IUCN Red List - ANSWER-a list that categorizes animals based on how threatened or endangered they are five main factors that lead to species being threatened with extinction as determined by Fisher (1969) - ANSWER-natural causes, hunting, introduced predators, habitat modification, non predatory exotics five features predispose certain animals to becoming endangered - ANSWER-low range of tolerance, species of economic importance, limited off spring, large predator, specialists what proportion of extinct species in modern times have died out naturally - ANSWER25% safe harbor act - ANSWER-establishes a voluntary agreement between land owners and protection agencies it assures land owners there will be no additional restrictions will be imposed due to conservation efforts game species - ANSWER-generally R strategists endangered species - ANSWER-generally K strategists broad brush approach - ANSWER-something that is lacking in detail or is overly general how are wolves managed in Minnesota - ANSWER-there are three different types of wold consecration, each with different status for current wolf population what are two primary methods used to try and rebound the population of Kirkland's warbler - ANSWER-obligate parasites, cowbirds, were moved from the location of the population habitat improvements have aided population recovery why are bog turtles poached - ANSWER-for pet trade how does grazing of cattle play into conservation of bog turtle habitat - ANSWERconservationists get leases from landowners so cattle can graze