PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 2 KEISER UNIVERSITY
QUESTION AND ANSWER
*Salicylates*
Prototype = *Aspirin (ASA)*
Patient Teaching = • avoid alcohol
• signs of bleeding include: sharp pain, tenderness, blood in their stool
•* take with food/liquid* Correct Answer MOA = *Inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins (COX-1 & COX-2)*
• Blocks the inflammatory response
*antipyretic* (anti-fever) & *analgesic* (pain-blocking)
*anticoagulant*
*anti-inflammatory*
*Indications* = mild to moderate pain, fever, and inflammatory conditions
• *Dysmenorrhea* (painful menstruation)
• inhibits platelet aggregation
Adverse effects = GI upset = nausea
• *Salycitism*
tinnitus
• *Bleeding abnormalities* (check PT/INR)
• *Renal impairment*
• *Reye's syndrome* (don’t give to children with fever)
1st generation NSAIDs
Prototype = *Ibuprofen*
* Individual patients may respond better to one
NSAID than another Correct Answer MOA = *Inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins *(COX-1 & COX-2)*
anti-inflammatory
analgesic
antipyretic
*inhibits platelet aggregation Indications = *Rheumatoid arthritis*
• *Osteoarthritis*
• mild to moderate/chronic pain
• *Dysmenorrhea*
• fibromyalgia (widespread pain) Adverse effects = GI upset: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, • abdominal pain
• Renal impairment
• Bleeding
•* Increased risk for MI & Stroke*
*Acetaminophen (Tylenol)* OTC
Fewer anti-inflammatory properties Correct Answer MOA = Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in the
CNS
Indications = mild to moderate pain and (analgesics)z
ANTIPYRETIC (fever)
Adverse effects = *Acute hepatic toxicity*
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating,
• Hepatic necrosis
*Antidote for overdose = *acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)*
Patient teaching = • Make sure the proper dose is taken as directed.
*VACCINES* *Teaching points for parents regarding reactions:*
• Proper dose, timing, & preparation
• fore soreness or low grade fever = take Tylenol
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