ATI CMS FUNDAMENTALS 2023 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

ATI CMS FUNDAMENTALS 2023 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS Stage 1 Sleep - CORRECT ANSWERS - Very light sleep - Only a few minutes long - Awaken easily - Feels relaxed and drowsy Stage 2 Sleep - CORRECT ANSWERS - Deeper sleep - 10-20 min long - Increased relaxation Stage 3 Sleep - CORRECT ANSWERS - Beginning of deep sleep - 15-30 min long - Difficult to awaken Stage 4 Sleep - CORRECT ANSWERS - "Delta Sleep" - Deepest sleep - 15-30 min long - Very difficult to awaken - Sleep walking, sleep talking, enuresis REM - CORRECT ANSWERS - vivid dreaming - 90 min after falling asleep - Very difficult to awaken - cognitive restoration Insomnia - CORRECT ANSWERS inability to sleep Sleep apnea - CORRECT ANSWERS More than five breathing cessations lasting longer than 10 seconds per hour during sleep = decreased arterial oxygen saturation Nursing consideration for Rest and Sleep - CORRECT ANSWERS - Bed time routine - Limit clients walking at night - Help with personal hygiene and back rubs - Medication: benzodiazepine: sedative-hypnotics, zolpidem, eszopiclone, zaleplon Client education for rest and sleep - CORRECT ANSWERS - exercise regular (2 hours) before bedtime - bedtime routine - comfort environment - limit alcohol, caffeine, nicotine at least 4 hrs before bed - engage muscle relaxation Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWERS - provides most of the body's energy and fiber - 4 kcal - whole grains, breads, baked potato, brown rice Fats - CORRECT ANSWERS - energy and vitamins - 9 kcal - olive oil, salmon, egg yolks Protein - CORRECT ANSWERS - growth, maintenance and repair of body tissue - 4 kcal - beef, whole milk, poultry Fat soluble vitamins - CORRECT ANSWERS A, D, E, K Water soluble Vitamins - CORRECT ANSWERS C, B Minerals - CORRECT ANSWERS - complete essential biochemical reactions - calcium, potassium, sodium, iron Newborns starting to eat solid foods - CORRECT ANSWERS - 4-6 months - No cow's milk or honey for the first year Anorexia Nervosa - CORRECT ANSWERS - eating disorder - low body weight - self perception of being far - consistent restriction of food intake bulimia nervosa - CORRECT ANSWERS - eating disorder - binge eating followed by purging Healthy BMI - CORRECT ANSWERS 18.5-25 Preventing aspiration - CORRECT ANSWERS - Position in high fowlers - tuck chin when swallowing - keep client in semi fowlers at least 1 hr after meals Nutrition of Older adults (over 65) - CORRECT ANSWERS - slower metabolic rate require fewer calories - thirst sensation diminish - need same amount of vitamins and minerals as younger adults - calcium intake - need carbohydrates for fiber/bulk Cane instructions - CORRECT ANSWERS - maintain two points of support - keep cane on stronger side - support body weight on both sides - move weaker leg forward toward cane - position crutches on unaffected side when sitting or rising from chair Giving bed bath - CORRECT ANSWERS - wash face first - lock wheels on bed - long firm strokes Foot care for diabetics - CORRECT ANSWERS - do not soak feet - do not cut nails - file nails using nail filer - can apply lotion BUT do not apply lotion IN BETWEEN fingers or toes Living will - CORRECT ANSWERS directive documents for medical treatment per the client's wishes Advance directives - CORRECT ANSWERS legal documents that direct end of life issues