CHAPTER 1
Introduction: Historical and Scientific Considerations
*1. The study of psychopathology deals most directly with
a. the development of asylums
b. the theories and treatments developed by followers of Freud
c. the nature and development of mental disorders
d. theories derived from animal laboratories
Answer: C Type: Applied Page: 3
2. An illustration of abnormal behavior would be
a. soiling oneself once a month at age 14
b. experiencing anxiety when engaged in rituals while leaving the house
c. losing control of oneself in anger, with no apparent provocation
d. all of the above are examples of abnormal behavior
Answer: D Type: Applied Page: 4 SQ:1
3. All of the following is not a characteristic of abnormal behavior as described in the
text:
a. diagnosable nature
b. unexpectedness
c. violation of norms
d. disability
Answer: A Type: Factual Page: 4-5 SQ: 1
4. A happily married man covertly purchases women’s shoes. Afterwards he
masturbates while wearing the shoes. This illustrates what definition of abnormality?
a. disability
b. unexpectedness
c. personal distress
d. none of these; the behavior is not abnormal
Answer: A Type: Applied Page: 5 SQ: 1
5. Which of the following illustrates a difficulty in defining abnormal behavior as
behavior that is statistically infrequent?
a. IQ below 70 is considered mentally retarded
b. It is unusual for people to have delusions
c. Math prodigies are rare in the population
d. Bedwetting is common in young children
1
,Answer: C Type: Applied Page: 4 SQ:1
6. Autism is based on which of the following definitions of abnormal behavior?
a. statistical infrequency
b. violation of personal norms
c. personal distress
d. social distress
Answer: A Type: Factual Page: 4 SQ:1
7. Variations in cultural background make it difficult to define abnormal behavior as
simply behavior which
a. involves a deviation from norms
b. leads to dysfunction
c. improves after therapy
d. causes personal distress
Answer: A Type: Applied Page: 4-6 SQ:1
8. Defining abnormal behavior on the basis of personal distress is problematic for which
reason?
a. Distress and suffering is normal in modern society
b. Some abnormal behavior does not involve personal distress
c. It ignores suffering that family members of disturbed people suffer
d. It does not apply to physiological disorders
Answer: B Type: Factual Page: 4 SQ:1
9. Which definition of abnormality applies to Cindy. Cindy is an accomplished lawyer
who sought psychological help in dealing with the stresses of balancing work and
family responsibilities.
a. unexpectability
b. violation of social norms
c. personal distress
d. statistical infrequency
Answer: C Type: Applied Page: 4,5 SQ:1
10. Ted, who has a fear of snakes, quit his job when he was asked to relocate to the
Southwest (where snakes are more common). This is an example of which definition
of abnormal behavior?
a. unexpectedness
b. disability
c. statistical infrequency
d. violation of norms
2
, Answer: B Type: Applied Page: 5 SQ:1
*11. After the death of her best friends goldfish eight months ago, Lisa feels sad all of the
time and cries herself to sleep. This example best illustrates which definition of
abnormal behavior?
a. violation of norms
b. disability
c. unexpectedness
d. statistical infrequency
Answer: C Type: Applied Page: 5 SQ: 1
12. After presenting five characteristics of abnormality, the text concludes that
a. research is needed to identify which characteristic is best.
b. different characteristics apply to various psychopathologies.
c. psychopathology is best defined on pragmatic, empirical grounds
d. together the five give a partial definition of abnormality.
Answer: D Type Factual Page: 6 SQ:1
13. Demonology was the
a. practice of exorcism
b. devil worship and satanic cults that some ascribed to causing mental illness
c. idea that an evil being may live in a person and control his or her mind and body
d. somatogenic hypothesis of mental illness
Answer: C Type: Factual Page: 6 SQ:2
14. The first theory of deviant behavior attributed the behavior to
a. demonic possessions
b. dysfunctional learning experiences
c. excessive black bile
d. hypochondria
Answer: A Type: Factual Page: 6 SQ:2
15. Expelling evil spirits by chanting and torture is known as
a. somatic therapy
b. exorcism
c. witchcraft
d. santeria
Answer: B Type: Factual Page: 6 SQ:2
*16. Hippocrates influenced psychology by
a. distinguishing medicine from religion
3
, b. emphasizing a psychogenic hypothesis of mental illness
c. reforming mental hospitals
d. suggesting mental illness was punishment from God
Answer: A Type: Factual Page: 7 SQ:2
17. The somatogenic approach emphasized by Hippocrates suggested that problems result
from
a. natural causes
b. demonic possession
c. dysfunctional beliefs and ideas
d. neurotransmitter imbalance
Answer: A Type: Factual Page: 7 SQ:2
18. Hippocrates suggested which of the following treatments for mental illness?
a. Applying leaches
b. herbal remedies
c. prayer and chants by faith healers
d. relaxation and healthy foods
Answer: D Type: Factual Page: 7 SQ:2
19. Hippocrates' view of mental illness was superior to demonology in that it
a. promoted a scientific study of abnormal behavior
b. made connections between brain and behavior more clearly determined
c. allows for clearer description of symptoms
d. all of the above
Answer: D Type: Factual Page: 7 SQ:2
20. Which of the following was not one of the four humors Hippocrates believed
maintained psychological health?
a. black bile
b. red bile
c. yellow bile
d. blood
Answer: B Type: Factual Page: 7 SQ: 2
21. Which of the following is an example of somatogenesis?
a. Child sexual abuse is a cause of adult anxiety
b. Brain chemistry imbalances produce depression
c. Enriched early education can prevent retardation
d. Homosexuality is a life-style choice
4
Introduction: Historical and Scientific Considerations
*1. The study of psychopathology deals most directly with
a. the development of asylums
b. the theories and treatments developed by followers of Freud
c. the nature and development of mental disorders
d. theories derived from animal laboratories
Answer: C Type: Applied Page: 3
2. An illustration of abnormal behavior would be
a. soiling oneself once a month at age 14
b. experiencing anxiety when engaged in rituals while leaving the house
c. losing control of oneself in anger, with no apparent provocation
d. all of the above are examples of abnormal behavior
Answer: D Type: Applied Page: 4 SQ:1
3. All of the following is not a characteristic of abnormal behavior as described in the
text:
a. diagnosable nature
b. unexpectedness
c. violation of norms
d. disability
Answer: A Type: Factual Page: 4-5 SQ: 1
4. A happily married man covertly purchases women’s shoes. Afterwards he
masturbates while wearing the shoes. This illustrates what definition of abnormality?
a. disability
b. unexpectedness
c. personal distress
d. none of these; the behavior is not abnormal
Answer: A Type: Applied Page: 5 SQ: 1
5. Which of the following illustrates a difficulty in defining abnormal behavior as
behavior that is statistically infrequent?
a. IQ below 70 is considered mentally retarded
b. It is unusual for people to have delusions
c. Math prodigies are rare in the population
d. Bedwetting is common in young children
1
,Answer: C Type: Applied Page: 4 SQ:1
6. Autism is based on which of the following definitions of abnormal behavior?
a. statistical infrequency
b. violation of personal norms
c. personal distress
d. social distress
Answer: A Type: Factual Page: 4 SQ:1
7. Variations in cultural background make it difficult to define abnormal behavior as
simply behavior which
a. involves a deviation from norms
b. leads to dysfunction
c. improves after therapy
d. causes personal distress
Answer: A Type: Applied Page: 4-6 SQ:1
8. Defining abnormal behavior on the basis of personal distress is problematic for which
reason?
a. Distress and suffering is normal in modern society
b. Some abnormal behavior does not involve personal distress
c. It ignores suffering that family members of disturbed people suffer
d. It does not apply to physiological disorders
Answer: B Type: Factual Page: 4 SQ:1
9. Which definition of abnormality applies to Cindy. Cindy is an accomplished lawyer
who sought psychological help in dealing with the stresses of balancing work and
family responsibilities.
a. unexpectability
b. violation of social norms
c. personal distress
d. statistical infrequency
Answer: C Type: Applied Page: 4,5 SQ:1
10. Ted, who has a fear of snakes, quit his job when he was asked to relocate to the
Southwest (where snakes are more common). This is an example of which definition
of abnormal behavior?
a. unexpectedness
b. disability
c. statistical infrequency
d. violation of norms
2
, Answer: B Type: Applied Page: 5 SQ:1
*11. After the death of her best friends goldfish eight months ago, Lisa feels sad all of the
time and cries herself to sleep. This example best illustrates which definition of
abnormal behavior?
a. violation of norms
b. disability
c. unexpectedness
d. statistical infrequency
Answer: C Type: Applied Page: 5 SQ: 1
12. After presenting five characteristics of abnormality, the text concludes that
a. research is needed to identify which characteristic is best.
b. different characteristics apply to various psychopathologies.
c. psychopathology is best defined on pragmatic, empirical grounds
d. together the five give a partial definition of abnormality.
Answer: D Type Factual Page: 6 SQ:1
13. Demonology was the
a. practice of exorcism
b. devil worship and satanic cults that some ascribed to causing mental illness
c. idea that an evil being may live in a person and control his or her mind and body
d. somatogenic hypothesis of mental illness
Answer: C Type: Factual Page: 6 SQ:2
14. The first theory of deviant behavior attributed the behavior to
a. demonic possessions
b. dysfunctional learning experiences
c. excessive black bile
d. hypochondria
Answer: A Type: Factual Page: 6 SQ:2
15. Expelling evil spirits by chanting and torture is known as
a. somatic therapy
b. exorcism
c. witchcraft
d. santeria
Answer: B Type: Factual Page: 6 SQ:2
*16. Hippocrates influenced psychology by
a. distinguishing medicine from religion
3
, b. emphasizing a psychogenic hypothesis of mental illness
c. reforming mental hospitals
d. suggesting mental illness was punishment from God
Answer: A Type: Factual Page: 7 SQ:2
17. The somatogenic approach emphasized by Hippocrates suggested that problems result
from
a. natural causes
b. demonic possession
c. dysfunctional beliefs and ideas
d. neurotransmitter imbalance
Answer: A Type: Factual Page: 7 SQ:2
18. Hippocrates suggested which of the following treatments for mental illness?
a. Applying leaches
b. herbal remedies
c. prayer and chants by faith healers
d. relaxation and healthy foods
Answer: D Type: Factual Page: 7 SQ:2
19. Hippocrates' view of mental illness was superior to demonology in that it
a. promoted a scientific study of abnormal behavior
b. made connections between brain and behavior more clearly determined
c. allows for clearer description of symptoms
d. all of the above
Answer: D Type: Factual Page: 7 SQ:2
20. Which of the following was not one of the four humors Hippocrates believed
maintained psychological health?
a. black bile
b. red bile
c. yellow bile
d. blood
Answer: B Type: Factual Page: 7 SQ: 2
21. Which of the following is an example of somatogenesis?
a. Child sexual abuse is a cause of adult anxiety
b. Brain chemistry imbalances produce depression
c. Enriched early education can prevent retardation
d. Homosexuality is a life-style choice
4
