Ropers v. Simmons correct answers A juvenile under 18 years of age who commits a capital crime cannot face the death penalty.
Miller v. Alabama correct answers In this case, the Supreme Court held that mandatory life sentences, without the possibility of parole, are unconstitutional for juvenile...
Juvenile Justice Exam 1 Study Guide (A+ Graded)
Ropers v. Simmons correct answers A juvenile under 18 years of age who commits a capital crime cannot face the death penalty.
Miller v. Alabama correct answers In this case, the Supreme Court held that mandatory life sentences, without the possibility of parole, are unconstitutional for juvenile offenders.
Ego identity correct answers According to Erik Erikson, ego identity is formed when youths develop a full of sense of the self, combining how they see themselves and how they fit in with others.
Role Diffusion correct answers According to Erik Erikson, role diffusion occurs when people spread themselves too thin, experience personal uncertainty, and place themselves at the mercy of people who promise to give them a sense of identity they cannot develop for themselves
At-risk youth correct answers Young people who are extremely vulnerable to the negative consequences of school failure, substance abuse, and early sexuality.
Major Depressive Episode correct answers A period of at least two weeks when a person experienced a depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities plus at least four additional symptoms of depression, such as problems with sleep, eating, energy, concentration, and feelings of self-worth.
Cyberbullying correct answers Willful and repeated harm inflicted through internet social media sites or electronic communication methods such as Twitter.
Juvenile delinquency correct answers Participation in illegal behavior by a minor who falls under
a statutory age limit
Chronic delinquent offenders correct answers Youths who have been arrested four or more times during their minority and perpetuate a striking majority of serious criminal acts. This small group
is believed to engage in a significant portion of all delinquent behavior; these youths do not age out of crime but continue their criminal behavior into adulthood.
Aging-out process correct answers The tendency for youths to reduce the frequency of their offending behavior as they age. Aging out is thought to occur among all groups of offenders.
Persistence correct answers The process by which juvenile offenders persist in their delinquent careers rather than aging out of crime.
Juvenile Justice system correct answers The segment of the justice system, including law enforcement officers, the courts, and correctional agencies, designed to treat youthful offenders.
Paternalistic family correct answers A family style wherein the father is the final authority on all family matters and exercises complete control over his wife and children. Primogeniture correct answers During the Middle Ages, the right of firstborn sons to inherit lands and titles, leaving their brothers the option of a military or religious career.
Swaddling correct answers The practice during the Middle Ages of completely wrapping newborns in long bandage-like clothes in order to restrict their movements and make them easier
to manage.
Poor laws correct answers English statutes that allowed the courts to appoint overseers over destitute and neglected children, allowing placement of these children as servants in the homes of the affluent.
Chancery Courts correct answers Court proceedings created in fifteenth-century England to oversee the lives of highborn minors who were orphaned or otherwise could not care for themselves.
Parens Patriae correct answers Power of the state to act on behalf of the child and provide care and protection equivalent to that of a parent
Child Savers correct answers Nineteenth-century reformers who developed programs for troubled youth and influenced legislation creating the juvenile justice system; today some critics view them as being more concerned with control of the poor than with their welfare.
Best Interest of the Child correct answers A philosophical viewpoint that encourages the state to take control of wayward children and provide care, custody, and treatment to remedy delinquent behavior.
Waiver correct answers Transferring legal jurisdiction over the most serious and experienced juvenile offenders to the adult court for criminal prosecution.
Status offense correct answers Conduct that is illegal only because the child is underage.
Wayward minors correct answers Early legal designation of youths who violate the law because of their minority status; now referred to as status offenders.
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) correct answers Branch of the US Justice Department charged with shaping national juvenile justice policy through disbursement of federal aid and research funds.
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) correct answers The arm of the Justice Department that investigates violations of federal law, gathers crime statistics, runs a comprehensive crime laboratory, and helps train local law enforcement officers.
Uniform Crime Report (UCR) correct answers Complied by the FBI, the UCR is the most widely
used source of national crime and delinquency statistics.
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