west coast emt block 3 study guide questions with correct answers

controls basic bodily functions like BP, HR, breathing brain stem foreman magnum opening where the spinal cord exits the brain TIA when a pt has stroke like symptoms that resolve on their own in 24 hours Ischemic Stroke blood flow to the brain is blocked (possible clot) Hemmorrhagic stroke blood vessels rupture in the brain and can bleed out or cause a clot, placing a lot of pressure on the brain postictal state Following a seizure the patient will be in a recovery period where the patient is unresponsive and completely lethargic. Can last from a few min to a few hours risk factors for a seizure Metabolic, structural, idiopathic, congenital febrile seizures Seizures that result from sudden high fevers, particularly in children. What do we do for a patient who is having a seizure? What do we do once they come out of the seizure? place them on their left side, support head and neck, maintain ABC's, allow any fluid to drain, after seizure is done place in recovery position, determine LOC, take glucose level, administer glucose if needed to conscious pt FAST Facial droop Arm drift Speech Time How do we transport a stable stroke patient with a paralyzed extremity? Lay them on their paralyzed side so that their functioning side is free to use if needed Function of the Pancreas releases insulin in response to food & releases glucagon when blood sugar levels are low to stimulate the liver to convert glycogen into usable sugar Function of the Liver The amount of glucose being used is being matched by the amount of glucose being released (glycogen) by the liver to ensure balanced blood sugar levels Functions of the kidneys Remove toxins from the body and turn the waste into urine parietal peritoneum Outer layer that attaches to the abdominal wall visceral peritoneum inner layer that covers the organs PUD peptic ulcer disease: when acid eat away at the abdominal organs. Pain RELIEVED AFTER eating Renal Failure risks, s/s: diabetes, edema, on dialysis, hypertension Strangulated Hernia trapped outside the peritoneal cavity with cut off blood flow AAA signs of shock, difference in pulse between arms, pulsating masses, and has TEARING PAIN How we treat a patient complaining of severe abdominal pain -ABC's/ identify any life threats such as S/S of shock- if so treat for shock -palpate quadrants- start with one after the most painful -Last oral intake- Pancreatitis/ Cholecystitis= pain after eating. PUD= pain relief after eating Kussmaul Respirations rapid deep breaths/ a sign of DKA Hypoglycemia altered mental status, blood sugar under 80, "cool pale clammy" Hyperglycemia altered mental status, blood sugar over 120, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, "red hot dry" DKA Kussmaul breaths, sweet smell, rapid deep breaths, glucose level 400+ If a patient is coming at you with a baseball bat & is screaming at you what should you do Ensure personal safety first and then calling PD before attempting to treat any patient When getting a SAMPLE history of a diabetic patient "the MOST important" question to ask if they've had any recent illnesses or stress How can you tell the difference between hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in an unresponsive patient? -Pt may have a shunt placed in their arm possibly indicating they are a dialysis patient (hyperglycemia) -Kussmaul sweet smelling breaths (hyperglycemia) -Pale, cold, clammy skin (hypoglycemic) -slow deep breaths (hypoglycemic) Contraindications for oral glucose unconscious, ALOC, hyperglycemia What is an allergen the harmless substance that can cause an allergic reaction