Pathophysiology Exam 3: ALL GI Practice Questions and Answers 2023

Pathophysiology Exam 3: ALL GI Practice Questions and Answers 2023 What physiologically occurs with vomiting? Immediately before the act of vomiting, activation of the parasympathetic nervous system causes increased salivation, increased gastric motility, and relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. Which laboratory findings should the nurse expect in the patient with persistent vomiting? increased pH, decrease potassium, increased hematocrit A patient who has been vomiting for several days from an unknown cause is admitted to the hospital. What should the nurse anticipate will be included in collaborative care? IV replacement of fluid and electrolytes A patient treated for vomiting is to begin oral intake when the symptoms have subsided. To promote rehydration, the nurse plans to administer which fluid first? Water Ondansetron (Zofran) is prescribed for a patient with cancer chemotherapy- induced vomiting . What should the nurse understand about this drug? It relieves vomiting centrally by action n the vomiting center and peripherally by promoting gastric emptying Older patients may have cardiac or renal insufficiency and may be more susceptible to problems from vomiting and antiemetic drug side effects. What nursing intervention is most important to implement with these patients? Do hourly visual checks or use a sitter to keep the patient safe What are characteristic of gingivitis Formation of abscesses with loosening of teeth Which infection or inflammation is found related to systemic disease and cancer chemotherapy? Stomatitis patient is scheduled for biopsy of a painful tongue ulcer. Based on knowledge of risk factors for oral cancer, what should the nurse specifically ask the patient about during a history? Use of any type of tobacco products When caring for a patient following a glossectomy with dissection of the floor of the month and radical neck dissection for cancer of the tongue, what is the nurse's primary concern? Patent airway A patient with oral cancer has a history of heavy smoking, excessive alcohol intake, and personal neglect. During the patient's early postoperative course, what does the nurse anticipate that the patient may need? Drug therapy to prevent substance withdrawal symptoms The nurse is planning to teach the patient with GERD about foods or beverages that decrease LES pressure, What should be included in the list? Alcohol Chocolate Fatty foods Cola sodas How should the nurse teach the patient with hiatal hernia or GERD to control symptoms? Sleep with the head of the bed elevated on 4- to 6-inch blocks A patient with esophageal cancer is scheduled for a partial esophagectomy. Which nursing intervention is likely to be of highest priority preoperatively? Encourage a high-calorie, high-protein diet Following a patient's esophagogastrostomy for cancer of the esophagus, what is most important for the nurse to do? Maintain the patient in semi-Folwer's or Folwer's position Which esophageal disorder is described as a precancerous lesion associated with GERD? Barrett's esophagus What is an accurate description of eosinophilic esphagitis? Swelling of the esophagus caused by an allergic response to food or environmental triggers Which type of gatritis is most likely to occur in a college student who has an isolated drinking binge? Acute gastritis Nursing management of the patient with chronic gastritis includes teaching the patient to maintain a nonirritating diet with six small meals a day Duodenal and gastric ulcers have similar as well as differentiating features. What are characteristics unique to duodenal ulcers - Pain is relieved with eating food -Increased gastric secretion occurs - There is burning and cramping in the midepigastric area Which patient is at highest risk for having a gastric ulcer? 55yo female, smoker, with nausea and vomiting Corticosteriod medications are associated with the development of pepcid ulcers because of which probable pathophysiologic mechanism? The rate of mucous cell renewal is decreased Regardless of the precipitating factor, what causes the injury to mucosal cells in peptic ulcers Acid back diffusion into the mucosa