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Maryville University NURS615 Pharmacology Exam 4 2023 LATEST QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS RATED (A+) $18.29
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Maryville University NURS615 Pharmacology Exam 4 2023 LATEST QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS RATED (A+)

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What are examples of inhaled Short-acting Beta Agonists? (SABAs) - ANSWER Albuterol and levabuterol What is the MOA of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER To relax airway smooth muscle by increasing cyclic cAMP; dilation and opening of airway What is the use of inhaled beta agonists? - A...

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Maryville University NURS615
Pharmacology Exam 4 2023 LATEST
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS RATED (A+)
What are examples of inhaled Short-acting Beta Agonists? (SABAs) - ANSWER

Albuterol and levabuterol

What is the MOA of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER To relax airway smooth

muscle by increasing cyclic cAMP; dilation and opening of airway

What is the use of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER Used in bronchospasm

associated with: asthma, bronchitis, and COPD

When are SABAs used (albuterol and levabuterol)? - ANSWER For relief of

ACUTE asthma attacks

Is albuterol approved in children under 4? - ANSWER Yes.

How do beta-2 agonists affect calcium? - ANSWER They open large

conductions in calcium activated potassium channels = hyperpolarized airway

smooth muscle cells



1. decreased intracellular calcium

2. increased potassium concentration

3. decreased myocleynase activity = smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation

What are examples of long-acting beta agonists (LABAs)? - ANSWER salmetrol

and formoterol

What are LABAs (salmeterol and formoterol) used for? - ANSWER Used for

PREVENTION or long term treatment of asthma



NOT for acute attacks; not first line treatment

,Maryville University NURS615
Pharmacology Exam 4 2023 LATEST
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS RATED (A+)
CANNOT be used alone

What population should LABAs NOT be prescribed in? - ANSWER African

Americans

What is special about the beta 2 adrenergic receptor gene? - ANSWER This

gene causes LABAs to worsen asthma control

Who is more likely to have the beta 2 adrenergic receptor gene? - ANSWER

African Americans; this genotype is present in 1/6th of the U.S. population

How does the beta 2 adrenergic receptor gene cause worsening asthma control

when LABAs are taken? - ANSWER Asthmatics with this gene are at risk for

decreased airflow and worsening asthma control

What are adverse effects of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER Tachycardia and

tremors

What is the absorption of inhaled beta agonists? - ANSWER Very little systemic

absorption

What are examples of anticholinergics/antimuscarinics in maintenance therapy of

COPD? - ANSWER ipatroprium (Atrovent) and tiotroprium (Spiriva)

What is the MOA of anticholinergics (ipatroprium and tiotroprium)? - ANSWER

They block muscarinic receptors decreasing the formation of cAMP



CAUSES BRONCHODILATION BY:

1. decreasing smooth muscle contraction of lungs (mainly on M3 receptors)

,Maryville University NURS615
Pharmacology Exam 4 2023 LATEST
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS RATED (A+)
2. decreases mucous secretion

What are ipatroprium and tiotroprium used for? - ANSWER Maintenance of

COPD

What is tiotroprium (Spiriva)? - ANSWER LONG-ACTING bronchodilator for

COPD; better absorbed from lung than ipatroprium (Atrovent)

What is ipotroprium (Atrovent)? - ANSWER SHORT-ACTING bronchodilator for

COPD

What bronchodilator is the best choice in patients taking propranolol? - ANSWER

Ipatroprium (Atrovent)

What are the adverse effects of ipatroprium and tiotroprium? - ANSWER

Anticholinergic -- can't see, can't pee, can't spit, can't shit

What are examples of inhaled corticosteroids? - ANSWER fluticasone

(Flonase), budesonide (Pulmicort), beclomethasone diproprionate (QVAR)

What are inhaled corticosteroids used for? - ANSWER Long-term treatment of

asthma (severe, persistent asthma); taken everyday

What is the absorption of inhaled corticosteroids? - ANSWER Rapid absorption

from lung tissues; greater with use of spacer

What effects do inhaled corticosteroids have? - ANSWER Anti-inflammatory and

vasoconstrictor effects



Highly selective agonists at the glucocorticoid receptor and some activity at

androgen, estrogen, and corticoid receptors

, Maryville University NURS615
Pharmacology Exam 4 2023 LATEST
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS RATED (A+)
What is the MOA of inhaled corticosteroids? - ANSWER INHIBITS mast cell

migration to bronchial tissues

What is the bioavailability of inhaled corticosteroids? - ANSWER Low systemic

bioavailability; they produce a topical effect on the lung without significant systemic

effects

What are adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids? - ANSWER 1. Cough upon

inhalation

2. Oral canadiasis/white coating-- prevented by rinsing mouth with water after

inhaler use

3. Rare allergic reactions

4. Burning small of plastic, unpleasant taste, hoarseness or nasal congestion, pain,

HA, or visual changes

How are inhaled corticosteroids to be used and taken? - ANSWER Used for

PREVENTION of asthma exacerbations



Should be taken twice a day, every day

What is the correct order of use of corticosteroid and bronchodilator? - ANSWER

BRONCHODILATOR should be used FIRST then inhaled corticosteroid

What are examples of mast cell stabilizers (inhaled anti-inflammatory agents)? -

ANSWER Cromolyn, nedocromil

What is the MOA of mast cell stabilizers? - ANSWER Inhibits mast cell

degranulation = prevents histamine release

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