EMT Trauma Exam 2023/2024 Graded A+

Environmental factors that contribute to the risk of heat-related illness include ________________________ and _____________________. Humidity; wind speed Medical illness; wind speed Ambient temperature; medical illness Ambient temperature; humidity - ANSWER-Ambient temperature; humidity Rationale: Environmental factors that contribute to the risk of heat-related illness include ambient temperature and humidity. An incomplete fracture that passes only partway through a bone is known as a ________________ fracture. Greenstick Transverse Comminuted Oblique - ANSWER-Greenstick Rationale: A greenstick fracture passes only partway through the shaft of a bone but may still cause substantial angulation. This occurs most often in children. Oblique fracture is when the bone is broken at an angle across the bone. Transverse fracture is when the break occurs straight across the bone. Comminuted is when the bone fractures, splinters, or is crushed into many different pieces. Tenderness and pain in the abdomen upon palpation could likely mean? Intestinal leakage into the pleural space Blood pooling in the pletal space Blood irritating the peritoneal lining Pericardial hemorrhage - ANSWER-Blood irritating the peritoneal lining Rationale: Blood leaking into the peritoneal space would be the best choice for abdominal pain and tenderness. There is no pletal space and pericardial irritation refers to the sack around the heart. The causes of shock can be broken down into 3 categories. They are? Poor cardio function, fluid loss, and vessel dilation Poor perfusion, poor mentation, and poor respiratory function Trauma, cardiac event, and seizure Vessel constriction, poor vessel function, and poor respiratory function - ANSWER-Poor cardio function, fluid loss, and vessel dilation Rationale: The basic causes of shock are poor heart function, loss of blood and fluid, and dilation of vessels. During the primary survey of a significant MOI patient, assessing the thorax and neck includes evaluating all of the following except: Sucking chest wound Deviated trachea Limb movement Multiple broken ribs - ANSWER-Limb movement Rationale: Primary survey assessment of a significant MOI patient's thorax and neck should include evaluating for: Deviated trachea, tension pneumothorax, chest wounds and chest wall motion, sucking wound, neck and chest crepitation, multiple broken ribs, and sternum fractures To properly log roll a patient to a long board you should? Have an inexperienced person on the head Use 4 people Bend at the waist and pull them toward you None of the above - ANSWER-Use 4 people Rationale: Using 4 people who are trained is preferred. A person with no training should not be responsible for the head Convert 150 pounds into kilos 67.5 kilos 90 kilos 100 kilos 80 kilos - ANSWER-67.5 kilos Rationale: A quick way to convert pounds to kilos is to take half or 50% of the pounds and then take 10% of that and subtract it from your total. For Example: 50% of 150 is 75, and 10% of 75 is 7.5. Therefore, 7.5 subtracted from 75 equals 67.5. One other quick way of conversion is to divide pounds by 2.2. Management considerations of cold-related illness (generalized) hypothermia include all of the following except: administer oxygen - warmed and humidified if available move patient from cold environment rewarm slowly assist ventilation if adequate - ANSWER-assist ventilation if adequate Rationale: Management consideration for cold-related illness (generalized) hypothermia include: move patient from cold environment; remove wet clothing and administer oxygen - warmed and humidified if available; cover with warm blankets; rewarm with hot packs in groin and armpits - use caution to avoid burns; provide warm clear liquids if conscious and not vomiting; rewarm slowly; transport; passive rewarming is best delivered at appropriate facility; handle gently to decrease risk of ventricular fibrillation; and if unconscious and in cardiac arrest follow AHA recommendations for CPR. You have just arrived at the scene of a hit and run where a woman in her 40's was hit by a car moving about 30 MPH. A man tending the woman immediately identifies himself as an ER physician and requests that you allow him to maintain control of patient care. What is your most appropriate response? 1 Request that he speak with online medical direction 2 Inform him that it is not possible as you have no way of proving his credentials during the emergency