Test Bank for Microbiology Exam 1

Microorganism - Answer-are organisms that are too small to see with the unaided eye .examples of microorganisms - Answer-bacteria fungi protozoa microscopic algae viruses .what kind of microscope do you use when you are working with microorganisms you can't see? - Answer-bright field microscope .what are the different magnifications of a bright field microscope - Answer-4x 10x 40x 100x .what is the kind of microscope that you use when looking at a virus - Answer-electron micro-scope .what are the different magnifications of the electron microscope - Answer-1 mil 2 mil 10 mil .How are microbes helpful - Answer-decompose organic waste generate O2 produce chemical products such as ethanol and others produce fermented foods ex: vinegar, cheese, and bread produce products used in manufacturing ex: cellulose and insulin .How many microbes are pathogenic out of all the microorganisms - Answer-70/10 mil .what knowledge do microbes give humans - Answer-prevent diseases allow food storage and prevent food spoilages stop transmission of diseases .Microbiology - Answer-the study of organisms too small to be seen with the naked eye .microbial ecology - Answer-the study of the relationship between microorganisms and their envi-ronment .competitive exclusion - Answer-a way to kill the bad bacteria - change in the pH - secrete enzymes - eat the food .bioremediation - Answer-using microbes to clean up pollutants .Bacillus thuringienisis - Answer-can kill insects but doesn't harm plants or animals .Order of the Scientific Method - Answer-observe hypothesis prediction experiment consistency theory law .Mycology - Answer-study of fungi .bacteriology - Answer-study of bacteria .virology - Answer-study of viruses .algology - Answer-study of algae .protozoology - Answer-study of protozoa .Robert Hooke - Answer-• All living organisms are composed of little boxes or "cells" • -came up with cell theory - that all microorganisms are made up of cells -marked the beginning of the cell theory .Anton van Leeuwenhook - Answer-• 1st cells observed under the microscope also made the original electron microscope : 10 mil X .Rebecca Lancefield - Answer-• came up with the system that help classifying different microor-ganisms • it was all based on different polysaccharides in the cell wall also helped discover Streptococcus pyognes - which is basically strep and we know this because pyognes is a pus forming microorganism .Joseph Lister - Answer-• discovered phenol: was used to stop surgical would infections • usually in hospitals : Staphylococcus aures aka staph infection at least 20% of population is a carrier for the staph infection and they carry it in their noses .Louis Pasteur - Answer-• father of microbiology and is the most important scientist in microbiol-ogy • showed that microbes are responsible for fermentation • Fermentation: conversion of sugar to alcohol in the absence of air