NR 325 EXAM REVIEW 2023/2024

NR 325 EXAM REVIEW 2023/2024 Urine Specific Gravity - CORRECT ANSWER-1.010-1.030 Creatinine - CORRECT ANSWER-0.6-1.2 BUN - CORRECT ANSWER-10-20 mg/dL SIADH treatment - CORRECT ANSWER-Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline Diabetes insipidus (DI) - CORRECT ANSWER-antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is not secreted, or there is a resistance of the kidney to ADH Diabetes Inspidus treatment - CORRECT ANSWER-Hypotonic solution, giving in what we are putting out Vasopressin/Desmopressin Carbamazepine Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - CORRECT ANSWER-Hormone produced by the neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus that stimulates water reabsorption from kidney tubule cells into the blood and vasoconstriction of arterioles. Serum Osmolality - CORRECT ANSWER-285-295 mOsm/kg Serum osmolality in SIADH - CORRECT ANSWER-270 mOsm/L Specific gravity in SIADH - CORRECT ANSWER-1.036 Serum osmality in DI - CORRECT ANSWER-320, syrup sodium in DI - CORRECT ANSWER-160 sodium in SIADH - CORRECT ANSWER-125 Hypernatremia nursing interventions - CORRECT ANSWER-Monitor fluid intake and output. Vital signs: tachycardia, tachypnea Assessment of mucous membranes Monitor behavior changes (e.g., restlessness, disorientation). Monitor laboratory findings (e.g., serum sodium). Encourage fluids as ordered. Monitor diet as ordered (e.g., restrict intake of salt and foods high in sodium). diabetes inspidous - CORRECT ANSWER-correcting low volume and low blood pressure thyroid gland - CORRECT ANSWER-produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and bone growth myexedema coma - CORRECT ANSWER-progresses from hypothyroidism and shows decreases in mental status thyroid storm - CORRECT ANSWER-increased temp, pulse and HTN clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism - CORRECT ANSWER-Young to middle-aged women Changes in behavior, insomnia, restlessness, tremor, irritability, palpitations, heat intolerance, diaphoresis, inability to concentrate that interferes with work performance Increased basal metabolic rate leads to weight loss, although appetite and dietary intake increase Amenorrhea/scant menses hyperthyroidism causes - CORRECT ANSWER-excess iodine, medications, graves disease, autoimmune disease, radiation exposure, stress hyperthyroidism diagnostic tests - CORRECT ANSWER--T3 and T4 level -TSH level -Serum calcium (elevated) -Serum phosphorus (low) -RAI (radioactive iodine) uptake test hyperthyroidism treatment - CORRECT ANSWER-methimazole, propylthiouracil (preferred in pregnancy) Radioactive iodine, Beta blockers Insulin types - CORRECT ANSWER-Rapid-acting (clear) , Short-acting (clear), Intermediate (cloudy), Long acting , Combinations rapid-acting insulin - CORRECT ANSWER-Lispro (Humalog) short-acting insulin - CORRECT ANSWER-Regular (Humulin R, Novolin R) intermediate acting insulin - CORRECT ANSWER-NPH (Humulin N, Novolin N) long acting insulin - CORRECT ANSWER-Glargine (Lantus) Rapid acting insulin onset - CORRECT ANSWER-10-30 minutes rapid acting insulin peak - CORRECT ANSWER-0.5-3 hours rapid acting insulin duration - CORRECT ANSWER-3-5 hours short acting insulin onset - CORRECT ANSWER-30-60 min short acting insulin peak - CORRECT ANSWER-2-5 hrs short acting insulin duration - CORRECT ANSWER-5-8 hours intermediate acting insulin onset - CORRECT ANSWER-1.5-4 hours intermediate acting insulin peak - CORRECT ANSWER-4-12 hours intermediate acting insulin duration - CORRECT ANSWER-12-18 hours long acting insulin duration - CORRECT ANSWER-24 hours long acting insulin onset - CORRECT ANSWER-1-4 hours hemoglobin Alc prediabetes - CORRECT ANSWER-5.7-6.5% hemoglobin Alc diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER-6.5% hemoglobin Alc normal - CORRECT ANSWER-5.7% normal FPG - CORRECT ANSWER-100 mg/dL Prediabetes FPG - CORRECT ANSWER-100-126 mg/dl Diabetes FPG - CORRECT ANSWER-126 mg/dL normal blood sugar - CORRECT ANSWER-70-100 mg/dL Diabetes test - CORRECT ANSWER-Acute symptoms and casual test 200 mg/dl Fasting plasma 126 2 hr plasma 200 (fasting: no caloric intake for 8 hr) unless ^ symptoms for hyperglycemia; must be confirmed by repeat testing OGTT normal - CORRECT ANSWER-140 mg/dL OGTT prediabetes - CORRECT ANSWER-140-200 mg/dl