ATI Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid Base questions & answers graded A+ 2023/2024

ATI Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid Base A nurse is caring for a client who has dehydration and is receiving IV fluids. When assessing for complications, the nurse should recognize which of the following manifestations as a sign of fluid overload? - correct answer Bound peripheral pulses Fluid overload results in increased vascular volume and places a greater workload on the heart. Thus, an expected finding is bounding peripheral pulses. A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? - correct answer Hypotension A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving hydrochlorothiazide and notes that the client is confused and lethargic. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse report to the provider? - correct answer Sodium 128 mEq/L Below the expected range and is likely the cause of altered mental status. A nurse is caring for a client who reports difficulty breathing and tingling in both hands. His respirations are 36/min and he appears very restless. Which of the following values should the nurse anticipate to be outside the expected reference range if the client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis? - correct answer PaCO2 A nurse is planning dietary teaching for a client who has hypermagnesemia. Which of the following food choices contains the most magnesim and is, therefore, a food the nurse should plan to instruct the client to avoid? - correct answer Raw spinach A nurse is admitting a client who has status asthmaticus. The client's ABG results are pH 7.35, PaO2 74 mm Hg, PaCO2 56 mm Hg, and HCO3- 26 mEq/L. The nurse should interpret these laboratory values as which of the following imbalances? - correct answer Respiratory acidosis A nurse is caring for a client who requires continuous cardiac monitoring. The nurse identifies a prolonged PR interval and a widened QRS complex. Which of the following laboratory values supports this finding? - correct answer Potassium 6.1 mg/L Hyperkalemia can cause a prolonged PR interval; a wide QRS complex; flat or absent P waves; and tall, peaked T waves. A nurse is assessing a client who is using PCA following a thoracotomy. The client is short of breath, appears restless, and has respirations of 28/min. The client's ABG results are pH 7.52, PaO2 89 mm Hg, PaCO2 28 mm Hg, and HCO3- 24 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - correct answer Provide calming interventions The RR is above the expected range. Calming the client should decrease the respiratory rate, which will cause the client's carbon dioxide levels to increase. This will help correct the pH imbalance. A nurse is planning care for a client who has a serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following findings? - correct answer Orthostatic hypotension Hypokalemia can lead to hypotension. A nurse is preparing to administer oral potassium for a client who has a potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - correct answer Withhold the medication While reviewing a client's laboratory results, a nurse notes a serum calcium level of 8.0 mg/dL. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - correct answer Implement seizure precautions. The client is at risk for seizures due to low excitation threshold as a result of the client's decreased calcium level. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has diabetes mellitus and is receiving regular insulin by continuous IV infusion to treat diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? - correct answer Serum potassium 3.0 mEq/L