2024 Advanced Medical Life Support AMLS RevieW

As you obtain historical information regarding your patient, you note that the patient's presentation and responses are very similar to several patient complaints you have treated in the past. Integrating this information from past experience to this current experience is known as: - ANSWER Pattern recognition In which situation has the threat to your personal safety been reduced most significantly? - ANSWER A barking dog has been secured in a kennel in the yard. You evaluate the patient's environment to assess for: - ANSWER all of the above; Safety concerns, Room Temp, Assistive devices An unresponsive patient has a needle in his arm when you arrive. His pupils are pinpoint, and he is breathing four times per minute. You are preparing to administer naloxone. At this point, opioid overdose is your initial: - ANSWER Differential diagnosis An 18-year-old male had a tonic-clonic seizure. Coworkers report no known seizure history. You can arouse him to voice. P 118, R 20, BP 102/68. The diagnostic test most likely to narrow your differential diagnosis would be: - ANSWER Blood glucose analysis A 23-year-old female has an acute onset of left flank pain. You should investigate which of the following regarding her pain? - ANSWER Dysuria When you use an interpreter to question a 42-year-old female about her abdominal pain, what is the best way to ensure information has been conveyed accurately and completely? - ANSWER Let the patient write her answers, and have the interpreter restate them so you will have a recored of her statements for your report. (yeah right) After you ensure scene safety, your highest priority is to: - ANSWER Rule out immediate life threats Which of the following physical findings points most specifically to increased intracranial pressure? - ANSWER Respiratory rate is 8 and irregular. You are transferring a 65-year-old female with renal failure from the nursing home. She has a history of "abnormal lab values" and is drowsy and weak. You note the following lab values: serum calcium 10.0 mg/dL (0.55 mmol/L), pH 7.28, potassium 6.1 mEq/L. The patient goes into cardiac arrest after you load her into the ambulance. After epinephrine, you should first consider giving her: - ANSWER Magnesium sulfate Which of the following describes a behavior that represents normal mental status? A person who: - ANSWER Is drowsy and slow to respond to questions after awakening from a nap. Which assessment evaluates at least one aspect of cranial nerve function? - ANSWER Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale A 72-year-old male had a syncopal episode in church. His wife said he has been complaining of a headache for about a week. He has early Alzheimer's disease. Home medicines include Lipitor and Exelon (rivastigmine). Which of the following questions may help narrow your differential diagnosis? - ANSWER Did he fall or hit his head recently? A 56-year-old female experiences a sudden onset of headache and blurred vision during yoga class. Her right eyelid is drooping, and the pupil on that side is small compared to the left pupil. You should take her to a hospital with: - ANSWER Specialized neurologic and vascular capability A 32-year-old complains of headache and dizziness. He vomited once and is walking with a staggering gait. His blood pressure is 148/72, pulse 92, respirations 20. He has a steady stare up toward his right ear. Which sign or symptom makes you consider intracerebral hemorrhage more strongly than migraine headache as a cause of his emergency? - ANSWER Abnormal gaze Which is the most reliable indicator that ventilation should be assisted in a patient with altered mental status? - ANSWER End-tidal CO2 is 60 mm Hg A 24-year-old male complains of sudden explosive headache . He asks you to lower the lights. He has vomited once. Which of these findings would increase your index of suspicion for subarachnoid hemorrhage? - ANSWER Stiff neck Which of the following findings indicates the need to increase the rate of ventilation in a intubated patient you suspect to have an epidural hematoma? - ANSWER Unilateral blown pupil A 25-year-old helmeted female was thrown from a horse. She is complaining of weakness in her upper extremities. You ask her to close her eyes and identify whether you are moving her thumb up or down. She is unable to do so. This indicates she does not have normal: - ANSWER Proprioception A 44-year-old male is postictal after a witnessed grand mal seizure. He is arousable to light pain and is presently snoring. His vital signs are BP 142/86, P 120, R 20, Sa02 98%. You should: - ANSWER Insert a nasopharyngeal airway A 25-year-old woman was involved in a motor vehicle collision. Her initial vital signs were BP 122/80 mm Hg, P 128 bpm, R 20 breath/min. Which of the following findings on repeat assessment would indicate that she is developing shock? - ANSWER Pulse pressure 32 mm Hg Which gland is responsible for some of the vasoconstriction in shock? - ANSWER Pituitary The primary mechanism for septic shock is: - ANSWER Widespread inflammatory response A 24-year-old male injuries in a shallow diving incident. Which assessment finding would you anticipate if he is developing neurogenic shock? - ANSWER Heart rate 58 bpm Which intervention for patient in shock prevents an increase in myocardial oxygen demand? - ANSWER Maintain normal body temperature Which diagnostic test most accurately assesses the presence and magnitude of anaerobic metabolism? - ANSWER Lactic acid Which patient is at highest risk for non traumatic obstructive shock? - ANSWER 22- year-old who is 38 weeks pregnant A 19-year-old female is flushed, itchy, and wheezing after eating crab legs. Her vital signs are BP 90/64 mm Hg, P 128 bpm, R 24 breaths/min. Which intervention is indicated first? - ANSWER Epinephrine intramuscular A 62-year-old male is vomiting coffee-ground emissions. Which of his home medicines may make it more difficult to control his bleeding? - ANSWER Plavix Shock related to tension pneumothorax is most directly secondary to: - ANSWER Decreased preload The most common sign or symptom found in patients with pulmonary embolism is: - ANSWER increased respiratory rate A 52-year-old male with a history of alcoholism complains of pleuritic chest pain. He states the pain increases when he swallows. He appears very ill and has subcutaneous emphysema around his neck. You suspect: - ANSWER Boerhaave's syndrome