NURS 5315 UTA TEST QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY

NURS 5315 UTA TEST QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY Byproduct of aerobic metabolism - ANSWER carbon dioxide (CO2) What enzyme converts CO2 to Carbonic acid H2CO3 - ANSWER carbonic anhydrase _________ is a byproduct of anaerobic metabolism of glucose - ANSWER lactic acid End product of oxidation of sulfur containing amino acids - ANSWER sulfuric acid End product of metabolism of phosphoproteins and ribonucleotides which are used as an energy source - ANSWER phosphoric acid __________ binds with 40% of calcium - ANSWER albumin Charge of albumin - ANSWER negative What happens with albumin and calcium in acidotic states - ANSWER There is an increased amount of H ions which causes albumin to bind to more H ions and less calcium ions causing calcium ions to become displaced leading to a higher level of free calcium what happens with albumin and calcium in alkalotic states - ANSWER There is a decreased amount of H ions causing a insufficient amount of H ions to bind with albumin. This causes albumin to bind with more calcium (due to H depletion) and causes a decreased amount of free calcium When the extracellular fluid volume is expanded it ____________ the reabsorption of HCO3 in the ____________ ___________ - ANSWER inhibits; proximal tubule A deficit in ECF volume results in a __________ in the reabsorption of HCO3 - ANSWER increase What hormone does ECF volume deficit stimulate - ANSWER RAAS How does RAAS affect bicarb - ANSWER Angiotension II stimulates the Na-H exchanger in the proximal tubule -- increases HCO3 reabsorption Angiotension II stimulates the Na-H exchanger in the proximal tubule -- increases HCO3 reabsorption -- what does this cause? - ANSWER metabolic alkalosis (contraction alkalosis) secondary to volume depletion- can occur with use of loop/thiazide diuretics Where does the renal excretion of hydrogen occur? - ANSWER distal tubule and collecting ducts What 2 active transport system are used to secrete H - ANSWER H-ATPase and H-K-ATPase How do the 2 transport systems move H to be excreted - ANSWER move H into the lumen and move potassium from the lumen into the cells once H is in the lumen what does it bind with? - ANSWER monohydrogen phosphate (HPO4) what does mono hydrogen phosphate produce - ANSWER H2PO4 -- dihydrogen phosphate once H2P04 is created what can happen with it? - ANSWER it can be excreted what happens to the cell cycle when cancer develops? - ANSWER cell life cycle is unregulated and the cells grow and proliferate. cancer cellular division is unregulated and malignant cells can invade local or distant tissues Are cancer cells specialized? - ANSWER No, only normal cells are specialized Are cancer tumor