HERB 101 Final Exam 2024 with Verified and Updated Solutions

HERB 101 Final Exam 2024 with Verified and Updated Solutions When mixed with water these constituents can be separated into a sugar and a non- sugar -Answer-Glycosides When did scientists begin isolating active constituents from herbs? -Answer-In the mid 19th century These substances have a strong, usually pleasant, odor. They are obtained predominantly by distillation. -Answer-Essential Oils To understand how herbs affect the body it is necessary to have a basic understanding of the ____________ they contain. -Answer-constituents Taken before meals, ________________ stimulate the appetite by promoting the flow of the digestive fluids. -Answer-bitter principles These active constituents are non-poisonous substances. They generally have a strong, but not unpleasant taste. -Answer-bitter principles Herbs contain medicinal chemical substances known as __________, which are responsible for the healing action in the body. -Answer-active constituents Saponins are natural compounds that are very similar to glycosides but are different because they dissolve in water and produce a _________. -Answer-soapy lather Which of the following hardens ointments prepared with lanolin or oil as a base? - Answer-Beeswax This herbal preparation is used for hard, woody-like roots and stems whose constituents are water soluble and non-volatile. -Answer-decoction Identify dandelion, Taraxacum officinale -Answer-1. A hollow and smooth stem, which exudes a milky bitter juice when crushed. 2. Hairless leaves with serrated edges. 3. A single flower, which is bright yellow and made up of many narrow petals. These active constituents bind albumin in the skin and mucous membranes and form a watertight protective layer, resistant to disease. -Answer-Tannins ______ are preparations that extract the medicinal substances of herbs into a solution using alcohol, vegetable glycerin, or vinegar. They are highly valuable, as water retrieves only some of the medicinal properties -Answer-Tinctures _________ are generally twice the strength of a tincture and contain only small quantities of alcohol. The dose is generally small and measured in drops so they will last for long periods. -Answer-Fluid extracts Plants that grow from seed, make their full growth, and die in one year are known as: - Answer-annual Which companion herb increases the aromatic quality of all herbs? -Answer-yarrow The concept of companion planting is also referred to as _____. -Answer-natural plant association Which companion plant repels flies and ants? -Answer-tansy Which if the following herbs is considered invasive: -Answer-St. John's wort The more fertilizers you add to the soil, the higher the quality of herbs that will grow. - Answer-False Which if the following plants is at-risk: -Answer-Echinacea Which companion herb grows from a bulb and is beneficial to roses and controls blight on potatoes and tomatoes? -Answer-garlic Which of the following has been shown to increase essential oil yield in aromatic plants when used as a companion plant? -Answer-Stinging nettle Which of the following herbs can be used to repel insects from the garden, but can also inhibit growth of neighboring plants? -Answer-Rue These plants produce only leaves in the first year. In the second year they flower, then they die. -Answer-biennial Biennial plants produce only leaves in the first year. In the second year, they flower, then they die. Which of the following is an example of a biennial? -Answer-Burdock Which companion plant aids cabbages but inhibits carrots? -Answer-dill