Brain parts and functions with complete verified solutions 2024

Cerebrum Outer part of the brain- Divided into two hemispheres-each hemisphere divided into lobes Occipital Lobe Processes, integrates, and interprets vision. -Primary Visual Cortex -Primary area/site for vision; -recognizes shape, color, light, motions, and dimensions. -The Visual Association Area -interprets info from the primary visual cortex Brainpower Read More Previous Play Next Rewind 10 seconds Move forward 10 seconds Unmute 0:00 / 0:00 Full screen Frontal lobe § The most developmental part of the brain § Memory, Emotions, Decision Making and Reasoning, Personality § Primary Motor Cortex □ Body movement § Broca's Area □ speech and facial movement § Orbital frontal Cortex □ Behavior § Olfactory Bulb □ Sense of smell Temporal Lobe § Hearing, Organization/Comprehension of language/ information Retrieval (Memory and memory formation) § Primary Auditory Cortex □ Process the hearing § Primary Olfactory Cortex □ Interprets the sense of smell once it reaches the cortex via the olfactory bulbs. § Wernicke's Area (left temporal lobe) □ Language Comprehension Parietal Lobe § Integration of sensory information § Sense of boundary, sense of awareness of spatial experience, sense of perception § Primary Somatosensory Cortex/ Postcentral Gyrus □ Sense of position of body parts, and location in relation to each other § Somatosensory Association Cortex □ Integration and interpretation of the senses in relation to body position and orientation space § Primary Gustatory Cortex □ Interpretations Sense of taste and smell Midsagittal Sections divides the brain vertically down the central fissure between the two hemispheres-divides through the corpus callosum, which connects the two hemispheres. Spinal Cord ○ Messages between nerves and brain □ Ascending-senses go to the brain □ Descending -brain sends messages to motor cortex ○ Rhythmic movements ○ Reflexes Medulla Oblongata ○ In lower half of brainstem, ○ Controls heart beat, respiration and circulation functions respiratory, cardiovascular, control reflex centers for vomiting, coughing and sneezing Pons ○ Located on the brainstem ○ Provides inputs to other structures in the brainstem ○ Regulation of motor messages == Cerebellum Nuclei regulate respiration Cerebellum ○ Balance and posture ○ Rapid sequence movements Thalamus Channels sensory information and directs to appropriate area of cerebral cortex Reticular Formations Basic functions; alertness, sleeping patterns, wakefulness Midbrain ○ initial orientation to sound, vision, sight, light § Superior colliculus - Blind sight -sense something that's happening; eyes Inferior colliculus -orientation to loud noises Corpus Callosum connects the two hemispheres Hypothalamus Regulates with body temp and blood sugar's level (homeostasis) Limbic system forms the inner border of the cortex. Functions: emotion formation, processing, leaning and memory. Amygdala Primary role in memory of emotional reactions. Pineal Gland § Sleep/wakefulness cycle § Produces melatonin-hormones to help sleep Master gland: secretes long and short term hormones Pituitary gland Releases hormones related to endocrine system Central Nervous system Brain and Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous system Somatic Nervous system- the actions we do ourselves Autonomic Nervous System-the actions we do naturally -Sympathetic Division (energy consuming) -Parasympathetic Division (rest and digest) -Enteric Division (rest and digest)