NR511 Final Exam Latest Edition 2024/2025
Graded A REAL EXAM
1. Abdominal pain can be caused by ________, __________, and _________
factors
mechanical
inflammatory
ischemic
2. visceral pain caused by and is described as
distention or spasm of a hollow viscus
generalized and dull
3. Parietal pain caused by and is described as
irritation of the peritoneum
sharp and localized
4. colicky abdominal pain described as and what can cause it
intermittent and worsening
gallstones or renal stones
5. Burning abdominal pain caused by and is associated with
, irritation of the gastric mucosa by gastric contents
peptic ulcers and esophagitis
6. differential diagnosis for sudden onset abdominal pain
mesenteric infarction
urinary stones
intestinal perforation
intestinal obstruction
pancreatitis
ectopic pregnancy
dissection/rupture of AAA
7. differential diagnosis for burning abdominal pain
peptic ulcer disease
GERD
Gastritis
8. differential diagnosis for cramping abdominal pain
IBS
Inflammatory bowel disease (chrons, ulcerative colitis)
gastroenteritis
diverticulitis
salpingitis
9. differential diagnosis for visceral abdominal pain
, appendicitis
cholecystitis/cholelithiasis
10. what is ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative inflammatory bowel disease, just in the LARGE intestine, mucosal surface of
the colon
11. parts of large intestine
cecum, colon, rectum
12. areas typically affected in ulcerative colitis
typically rectosigmoid area but can be whole colon , rectal
13. common symptom of ulcerative colitis
bloody diarrhea , purulent diarrhea
14. what changes to the tissues happen in ulcerative colitis
friability, erosion, bleeding
15. only complete treatment for ulcerative colitis
total colectomy (not first line)
16. differences between flares and remissions in ulcerative colitis
flares - new damage
remission - tissue trying to heal
17. suspected origin or cause of ulcerative colitis
T cell / autoimmune destruction that is worsened by stress, diet
18. other symptoms of ulcerative colitis (besides blood / diarrhea)
tenesmus, even at night, cramping, may go >10 times per day
19. pattern / distribution of lesions in ulcerative colitis
, continuous , throughout (NOT like Chrohn's which has skip lesions)
20. Where is the pain in ulcerative colitis?
LLQ
21. anti-inflammatory drugs used in ulcerative colitis
sulfasalazine
mesalamine
22. immunosuppressive drugs used in ulcerative colitis
steroids
azathioprine
cyclosporine
23. If a patient with ulcerative colitis develops a fever......
refer to hospital, consider toxic colitis , possible peritonitis
24. diagnostics for ulcerative colitis
sigmoidoscopy
biopsy
may need ESR, CRP (inflammatory markers), stool cultures (rule out pathogen)
25. what is always present in the stool of patients with ulcerative colitis
fecal leukocytes
26. what diagnostic should not be done in ulcerative colitis
barium enema - may precipitate megacolon
27. what is diverticulitis
inflammation of the diverticula (small bulging pouches in the lining of the intestine)
28. what is an important risk factor for diverticulitis
Graded A REAL EXAM
1. Abdominal pain can be caused by ________, __________, and _________
factors
mechanical
inflammatory
ischemic
2. visceral pain caused by and is described as
distention or spasm of a hollow viscus
generalized and dull
3. Parietal pain caused by and is described as
irritation of the peritoneum
sharp and localized
4. colicky abdominal pain described as and what can cause it
intermittent and worsening
gallstones or renal stones
5. Burning abdominal pain caused by and is associated with
, irritation of the gastric mucosa by gastric contents
peptic ulcers and esophagitis
6. differential diagnosis for sudden onset abdominal pain
mesenteric infarction
urinary stones
intestinal perforation
intestinal obstruction
pancreatitis
ectopic pregnancy
dissection/rupture of AAA
7. differential diagnosis for burning abdominal pain
peptic ulcer disease
GERD
Gastritis
8. differential diagnosis for cramping abdominal pain
IBS
Inflammatory bowel disease (chrons, ulcerative colitis)
gastroenteritis
diverticulitis
salpingitis
9. differential diagnosis for visceral abdominal pain
, appendicitis
cholecystitis/cholelithiasis
10. what is ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative inflammatory bowel disease, just in the LARGE intestine, mucosal surface of
the colon
11. parts of large intestine
cecum, colon, rectum
12. areas typically affected in ulcerative colitis
typically rectosigmoid area but can be whole colon , rectal
13. common symptom of ulcerative colitis
bloody diarrhea , purulent diarrhea
14. what changes to the tissues happen in ulcerative colitis
friability, erosion, bleeding
15. only complete treatment for ulcerative colitis
total colectomy (not first line)
16. differences between flares and remissions in ulcerative colitis
flares - new damage
remission - tissue trying to heal
17. suspected origin or cause of ulcerative colitis
T cell / autoimmune destruction that is worsened by stress, diet
18. other symptoms of ulcerative colitis (besides blood / diarrhea)
tenesmus, even at night, cramping, may go >10 times per day
19. pattern / distribution of lesions in ulcerative colitis
, continuous , throughout (NOT like Chrohn's which has skip lesions)
20. Where is the pain in ulcerative colitis?
LLQ
21. anti-inflammatory drugs used in ulcerative colitis
sulfasalazine
mesalamine
22. immunosuppressive drugs used in ulcerative colitis
steroids
azathioprine
cyclosporine
23. If a patient with ulcerative colitis develops a fever......
refer to hospital, consider toxic colitis , possible peritonitis
24. diagnostics for ulcerative colitis
sigmoidoscopy
biopsy
may need ESR, CRP (inflammatory markers), stool cultures (rule out pathogen)
25. what is always present in the stool of patients with ulcerative colitis
fecal leukocytes
26. what diagnostic should not be done in ulcerative colitis
barium enema - may precipitate megacolon
27. what is diverticulitis
inflammation of the diverticula (small bulging pouches in the lining of the intestine)
28. what is an important risk factor for diverticulitis
