NICU Exam Questions with All Correct Answers

NICU Exam Questions with All Correct Answers what can hypothermia lead to in a neonate? - Answer-acidosis, increased O2 consumption, hypoglycemia, surfactant depletion, and respiratory distress mechanisms of heat loss - Answer-radiation, evaporation, conduction, convection equipment used in NICU to provide thermoregulation? - Answer-radiant warmer w/ISC, isolettes (double walls), giraffe omnibeds, portable radiant heat lamp, saran/plastic tent, porta warm mattress, blankets, hats, heated oxygen, neutral thermal environment charts what should you monitor in the neonate in the NICU - Answer-HR, resp rate, cuff BP, invasive arterial BP, pulse OX, pain, I & O, hemoccult methods of delivering oxygen in the NICU - Answer-simple mask, nasal cannula, oxygen hood, NCPAP, Neopuff device, Ambubag, ventilators (conventional, high frequency), Nitric oxide, ECMO What are devices used for suctioning? - Answer-bulb, catheter, closed system with intubated infant Methods of providing nutrition in NICU? - Answer-parenteral, enteral (formulas, breast milk via OG, NG, gastrostomy, nipple (breast or bottle), cup), supplemental calories (human milk fortifier, polycose), MCT oil Neurodevelopmental care in the NICU - Answer-provided to support the immature and still developing autonomic and CNS of the premature infant. Interventions for neurodevelopment care in NICU - Answer-clustered care, decrease unnecessary stimuli, gel pillows to support proper head moulding, containment of limbs when turning or handling for procedures, individualized plan of care, use of "boundaries", "testing", "snuggly", bendy bumper erythromycin opthalmic ointment - Answer-prophylaxis treatment for gonococcal or chlamydial eye infections. prevents bacterial growth by inhibiting folic acid synthesis. could cause edema and inflammation of the eyelids. apply 1/4 inch bead to lower half of eyelid aquamephyton - Answer-Vitamin K prevention of hemorrhagic disease in the newborn. Vit K is needed for the hepatic synthesis of blood coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X. Common S.E. include erythema, pain, and swelling at injection site. IM 0.5 - 1.0 ml within 1 hour of birth hepatitis B vaccine - Answer-Given within 12 hours of birth. second dose at 1-2 months, third dose 6-18 months. ampicillin - Answer-prevention of infection in high risk patients undergoing cesareans. penicillin antibiotic gentamicin - Answer-treatment of gram negative bacterial infections when penicillin or other less toxic drugs are contraindicated vancomycin - Answer-antibiotic and prophylaxis for patients allergic to penicillin amphoteracin - Answer-treatment of fungal infections. monitory patient closely during test dose and 1-2 hr of each dose for fever, chills, headache, anorexia, nausea or vomiting. assess injection site zidovudine - Answer-antiretroviral. decreases risk of HIV transmission from mother to baby. also chemprophylaxis for occupational exposure to HIV penicillin G - Answer-treatment of GBS nystatin - Answer-topical treatment of fungal infections (apply 2-3 times daily until healing is complete) acyclovir - Answer-antiviral treatment for herpes, shingles, and chicken pox (varicella), herpes simplex encephalitis. Monitor BUN, neurologic status, creatinine before and during admin Cefotaxime - Answer-claforan - treatment of meningitis and bone/joint infections (neonates 50 mg/kg) q 6-8 hours. observe for anaphylaxis or skin rash adenosine - Answer-Antiarrhythmic, parenteral only. Hyperpolarizes AV nodal tissue, blocks conduction for 10−15 sec. Used for nodal reentry arrhythmia. Restores normal sinus rhythm DOC for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) dopamine - Answer-Neurotransmitter and agonist drug at dopamine receptors: used in shock to increase renal blood flow, stimulate heart Agent used in shock because it dilates coronary arteries and increases renal blood flow