CNSC Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers

CNSC Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers Half life of albumin and pre-albumin -Answer-Albumin: 14-20 days Prealbumin: 2-3 days List negative acute phase proteins -Answer-Prealbumin Albumin Transferrin Retinol-binding protein (decreased in inflammation) List positive acute-phase proteins -Answer-Cytokines CRP (c-reactive protein) Define sarcopenia -Answer-Age-related muscle mass Cachexia -Answer-Loss of muscle mass, irrespective of adipose tissue changes (not responsive to nutrition interventions/support) +1 edema -Answer-2 mm depression or less Rebound immediate +2 edema -Answer-2-4 mm deppression Rebound after a few seconds +3 edema -Answer-4-6 mm depression Rebound after 10-12 seconds +4 edema -Answer-6-8 mm depression Rebound in 20 seconds Electrolyte abnormalities with refeeding risk -Answer--Hypophosphatemia (in most cases) -Low K -Low mag -Low ca -Hyponatremia -Hyperglycemia Other symptoms of refeeding -Answer--Cardiac arrest/arrythmias -Thiamin deficiency -Hypotension -Fluid retention -Shortness of breath/resp failure Advancement of EN if at risk of refeeding -Answer-Advancing to goal rate over 3-5 days What is volume-based feeding? -Answer-When EN is prescribed in goal volume per day instead of per hour in critically ill patients. Protocols involve starting at goal rate or rapid advancement. When should EN be delayed in critically ill patients? -Answer-If they are hemodynamically unstable -- MAPs 50, starting high dose/increasing rate of vasopressors (may result in gut ischemia due to low blood pressure to the gut) Definition of hypocaloric feeding -Answer-65-70% of energy needs based on indirect calorimetry for obese critically ill patients Benefit of hypocaloric feeding in obese patients -Answer-Minimizes metabolic complications of feeding, mobilize adipose store and increases insulin sensitivity What factors can impact the accuracy of a nitrogen balance study? -Answer--Impaired renal function -Incomplete collection of GI losses through fistulas, stool or ostomies What are the essential fatty acids? -Answer-1. Linoleic acid 2. Linolenic acid What is osmolality? -Answer-the concentration of a solution expresse