What is psychology? - correct answers The scientific investigation of mental processes and behavior
What does psychology reflect the influences of? - correct answers • Biological processes
• Individual differences (gender, pain)
• Time and culture (we continue to learn more)
What are ...
Psych 111 - Exam 1 With Complete
Solutions Latest Update
What is psychology? - correct answers The scientific investigation of mental
processes and behavior
What does psychology reflect the influences of? - correct answers • Biological
processes
• Individual differences (gender, pain)
• Time and culture (we continue to learn more)
What are the four goals of psychology? - correct answers • Describe how people
and animals behave
• Understand and explain the causes of behavior
• Predict behaviors/reactions across situations
• Control behavior through understanding its causes and consequences
Bullying: empathy training early
What did Flourens and Broca do? - correct answers • Linked mind and behavior
• Showed that damage to the brain can result in impariments of behavior and
mental function
What did Wilhelm Wundt establish? - correct answers • The first psychological lab
in Leipzig, Germany
• Taught first class in psych
What is consciousness? - correct answers • A person's subjective experience of
the world and mind
What is structuralism? - correct answers • The relationship between the basic
elements that constitute the mind
• Introspection: Subjective observation of one's own experience/feelings
• Structure of mental processes
- Elements of consciousness/moments of consciousness
What did Titchener do? - correct answers • Brought Structuralism to the US
• Relied on the identification of the basic elements
What did William James do? - correct answers • Built on the principles of
introspection and the study of conscious experiences, but focuses on WHY and
the adaptive reasons for what and how we perceive the real world
• Natural selection
• Functionalism
What is functionalism? - correct answers • The study of the function or purpose
conscious mental processes serve in enabling people to adapt to their
environment
• We can't divide our memory that well but we think we can
,Who do many psychologists focus on for studies? - correct answers Patients with
psychological disorders to understand human behavior
Who influenced the Psychoanalytic perspective? - correct answers Sigmund Freud
What is the psychoanalytic perspective? - correct answers • Identified the role of
unconscious forces that determine thoughts, feelings and behavior
• Personality is dependent on early life experiences
• Drives and motivations conflict leading to compromises (defense mechanisms,
symptoms)
• Focus on sexual and aggressive impulses
What is the theory behind the psychoanalytic perspective? - correct answers •
Unconscious mental processes shape feelings, thoughts, and behaviors
• They would make us uncomfortable if we knew them
What is a Freudian Slip? - correct answers • Elements of unconscious processing
according to this perspective
• Supposed to be unconscious but it comes out into the conscious
• We are not in charge of our unconscious
What is the Humanistic perspective? - correct answers • Said psychoanalytic
perspective is too pessimistic
• Stresses positive potential of all humans
• Believes in free will
, • Posits and inherit drive to develop and reach full potential
What is the behaviorist perspective? - correct answers • Focus on observable
behavioral responses
• Doesn't study mental life at all
• Emphasizes the environmental impact on a person's actions
• Predict and control behavior in ways that benefit society
Who created the behaviorist perspective? - correct answers Watson
Who did classical conditioning/what is it? - correct answers • Pavlov and Watson
• Associative learning pairing stimuli and response
• Footsteps make dogs drool
Who created operative conditioning? - correct answers Skinner
What is operative conditioning? - correct answers • Focuses on behaviorist
perspective
• Explores reinforcement and punishment as determinants of behavior
• Rewarded for something: increased likelihood you'll repeat the behavior
• Punished: won't repeat behavior
What is social learning theory? By who? - correct answers • By Bandura
• Behavior is influenced by the observation of others
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