CBP Final Exam Questions With Verified Answers.

CBP Final Exam Questions With Verified Answers. +/- Tz H denotes: - answer✔✔anterior (+) or posterior ( -) head carriage +/- Tx H denotes: - answer✔✔left (+) or right ( -) translation of the head Anterior head carriage involves _____________ of the lower curve & _____________ o f the upper curve. - answer✔✔flexion; extension **vice versa for posterior head carriage** A right translation of the head results in _____________ of the lower curve & _____________ of the upper curve. - answer✔✔right flexion; left flexion **lower curve = ipsilateral -- upper curve = contralateral** TRUE/FALSE: The lower body (lumbars) respond in the same way to translation as right or left translation of the head. - answer✔✔TRUE -- lw'r = ipsilateral / up'r = contralateral What is the normal curvature o f the neck? - answer✔✔lordotic -- extension What happens if our neck curvature transitions into *kyphotic (flexion)* vs. lordotic? - answer✔✔decreased nervous system function: - decreased circulation - decreased ATP production (energy) What are the 4 type s of nerve interference? - answer✔✔#1. direct compression #2.CNS stretch/tension (mechanical) #3. deforming mechanoreceptors #4. electrical Direct compression make up _____________% of nerve interference? - answer✔✔5% **very small %** What are examples o f direct compression? - answer✔✔disc bulge/herniation stenosis What is the cause of interference w/ CNS stretch/tension? - answer✔✔nerves swell when conducting action potentials -- if nerve stretched it can't swell as much -- decrease in conduction • When the nerve depolorizes, mechanically changes with gates and________ physically. - answer✔✔compression (shorten and swell) What are the 6 types of subluxations? - answer✔✔1. euler's buckling 2. segmental loading (translation or rotation) 3. postural 4. sagittal buckling 5. scoliosis 6. segmental displacement Euler's buckling is a buckle is the ___________ plane that is viewed on a ___________ xray film. - answer✔✔coronal; A -P film **side to side buckling** What type of subluxation is a "traditional" subluxation? - answer✔✔segmental loading Postural subluxation - answer✔✔rotation associated with associated spinal coupling/ displacement patterns: TRUE/FALSE: Segmental loading takes place *outside* of normal ROM. - answer✔✔FALSE -- occurs w/n normal ROM ___________ subluxations are normal coupled patterns. - answer✔✔Postural Are normal biomechanics the goal for person experiencing postural subluxations? - answer✔✔NO Sagittal buckling is a transition from ___________ into ___________. - answer✔✔lordosis; kyphosis **curve reversal** A transition from lordosis into kyphosis changes the position of vertebrae from ___________ to ___________. - answer✔✔extension; flexion What constitutes a *"buckle"*? - answer✔✔greater than zero degrees b/w vertebrae above & below **traumatic in nature** Scoliosis is a form of ___________. - answer✔✔Euler's Buckle Segmental displacement occurs ___________. - answer✔✔outside normal ROM *anterior* = spondylothesis *posterior* = retro Normal spinal cord is_________. In flexion , it is_________ leading to_______ . - answer✔✔is relaxed, wavy, red and blood filled spinal chord with excess space for the disc. taught, grey and there is no space→ atp cant form the muscles fatigue + Rx = ___________ - Rx = ___________ - answer✔✔flexion; extension + Rz = ___________ - Rz = ___________ - answer✔✔right lateral flexion; left lateral flexion ___________ is the founder of CBP. - answer✔✔Donald Harrison **gave us "normal"** In CBP, posture is read from the ___________ to the ___________. - answer✔✔bottom; top **due to gravity** How do we position the patient to look at the posture? - answer✔✔Feet hip width apart, eyes closed bring head to rest at what feels neutral. TRUE/FALSE: Sagittal curves vary greatly b/w males, females, and different races. - answer✔✔FALSE ARA (absolute rotation angle) are the sum of all the ___________. - answer✔✔RRA (relative rotation angles) TRUE/FALSE: Segmental translation DOES NOT equal total translation. - answer✔✔TRUE What shap e is the cervical spine? - answer✔✔full circle What shape are the thoracic & lumbar spines? - answer✔✔eclipse The thoracic spine has a greater curve at the ___________ portion. While the lumbar spine has a greater curve at the ___________ portion. - answer✔✔T spine = upper; L spine = lower What is the ARA of the cervical spine (C2 -C7)? - answer✔✔-42 degrees of extension What is the ARA of the thoracic spine (T3 -T10)? - answer✔✔+37 degrees of flexion What is the ARA of the lumbar spine (L1 -L5)? - answer✔✔-40 degrees of extension What is the APL (atlas plane line)? - answer✔✔-29 degrees of extension What is the SBA (sacral base angle)? - answer✔✔+40 degrees of flexion Name the *anterior* landmarks when evaluating posture. - answer✔✔medial malleolus pubic symp hysis episternal notch AC joint glabella philtrum Name the *y axis* landmarks when evaluating posture. - answer✔✔heel of feet glutes... assassassass Name the *side* landmarks when evaluating posture. - answer✔✔lateral malleolus greater trochanter middle of shoulder (glenohumeral joint) ear hole tragus What should you look at to determine if the head is in *flexion or extension*? - answer✔✔location of the ear hole - external auditory meatus