NURS 2514: week 6 - Lower GI Problems Questions
with correct answers
what happens to the blood supply in appendicitis and why? Correct
Answer-the blood supply to the appendix is impaired by inflammation
and bacterial infection in the wall of the appendix, which may result in
gangrene of the appendix
what is the appendix? Correct Answer-a lymphoid organ
- thought to help control the bacterial population in the gut
What is appendicitis? Correct Answer-inflammation of the vermiform
appendix
what causes appendicitis? Correct Answer-- obstruction by a fecalith
(hard piece of feces) or foreign material
- or if appendix gets twisted (gets cut off from blood supply)
what can happen in appendicitis? Correct Answer-the increased pressure
in the appendix due to inflammation and obstruction leads to ischemia
and necrosis
what can the inflammation in appendicitis do? Correct Answer-- it can
also increase the permeability of the appendix and cause localized
peritonitis as intestinal bacteria leak into the peritoneal cavity
,what can happen if pressure gets too high in the appendix? Correct
Answer-- if pressure continues to increase, the appendix may perforate
or rupture leading to generalized peritonitis that is considered LIFE
THREATENING!!!
List 4 manifestations of appendicitis Correct Answer-- periumbilical
pain usually first
- RLQ pain as appendix becomes permeable and localized peritonitis
occurs
- nausea and vomiting and fever (from inflamm. of and pain)
- general signs and symptoms of peritonitis
what is peritonitis? Correct Answer-inflammation of the peritoneal
membranes
what causes peritonitis? Correct Answer-can result from chemical
irritation or from bacterial infection
list 7 common causes of peritonitis Correct Answer-- perforated ulcer
- ruptured gallbladder
- pancreatitis
- ruptured spleen
- hemorrhage
- perforated appendix
- intestinal obstruction
, what can chemical irritation cause? Correct Answer-- inflamm. d/t
chemical irritation can increase the permeability of the intestinal wall
and lead to bacterial peritonitis as enteric bacteria enter the peritoneal
cavity - can occur in hours
list 7 manifestations of peritonitis Correct Answer-- severe abdominal
and generalized pain
- N and V
- rigid abdomen with rebound tenderness
- septicemia
- hypovolemic shock with tachycardia
- paralytic ileus
- fever/leukocytosis
what are the 2 inflammatory bowel diseases? Correct Answer-Crohn's
disease and ulcerative colitis
what is Crohn's disease? Correct Answer-inflammation and erosion of
the ileum
what is a characteristic thing that happens in Crohn's disease? Correct
Answer-- skip lesions
- the inflammation skips segments along ileum (affected, normal,
affected...)
with correct answers
what happens to the blood supply in appendicitis and why? Correct
Answer-the blood supply to the appendix is impaired by inflammation
and bacterial infection in the wall of the appendix, which may result in
gangrene of the appendix
what is the appendix? Correct Answer-a lymphoid organ
- thought to help control the bacterial population in the gut
What is appendicitis? Correct Answer-inflammation of the vermiform
appendix
what causes appendicitis? Correct Answer-- obstruction by a fecalith
(hard piece of feces) or foreign material
- or if appendix gets twisted (gets cut off from blood supply)
what can happen in appendicitis? Correct Answer-the increased pressure
in the appendix due to inflammation and obstruction leads to ischemia
and necrosis
what can the inflammation in appendicitis do? Correct Answer-- it can
also increase the permeability of the appendix and cause localized
peritonitis as intestinal bacteria leak into the peritoneal cavity
,what can happen if pressure gets too high in the appendix? Correct
Answer-- if pressure continues to increase, the appendix may perforate
or rupture leading to generalized peritonitis that is considered LIFE
THREATENING!!!
List 4 manifestations of appendicitis Correct Answer-- periumbilical
pain usually first
- RLQ pain as appendix becomes permeable and localized peritonitis
occurs
- nausea and vomiting and fever (from inflamm. of and pain)
- general signs and symptoms of peritonitis
what is peritonitis? Correct Answer-inflammation of the peritoneal
membranes
what causes peritonitis? Correct Answer-can result from chemical
irritation or from bacterial infection
list 7 common causes of peritonitis Correct Answer-- perforated ulcer
- ruptured gallbladder
- pancreatitis
- ruptured spleen
- hemorrhage
- perforated appendix
- intestinal obstruction
, what can chemical irritation cause? Correct Answer-- inflamm. d/t
chemical irritation can increase the permeability of the intestinal wall
and lead to bacterial peritonitis as enteric bacteria enter the peritoneal
cavity - can occur in hours
list 7 manifestations of peritonitis Correct Answer-- severe abdominal
and generalized pain
- N and V
- rigid abdomen with rebound tenderness
- septicemia
- hypovolemic shock with tachycardia
- paralytic ileus
- fever/leukocytosis
what are the 2 inflammatory bowel diseases? Correct Answer-Crohn's
disease and ulcerative colitis
what is Crohn's disease? Correct Answer-inflammation and erosion of
the ileum
what is a characteristic thing that happens in Crohn's disease? Correct
Answer-- skip lesions
- the inflammation skips segments along ileum (affected, normal,
affected...)
