Art History Renaissance Exam Questions with Answers
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Art History Renaissance
Art History Renaissance Exam Questions with Answers
Placement of the statue of David - Answer--Medici's courtyard (which was designed by Bartolomeo 1444)
-The Medici's wanted a statue of David that showed they were the underdogs in Florence (were planning on taking over the city)
-Medici's begin...
Art History Renaissance Exam
Questions with Answers
Placement of the statue of David - Answer--Medici's courtyard (which was designed by
Bartolomeo 1444)
-The Medici's wanted a statue of David that showed they were the underdogs in
Florence (were planning on taking over the city)
-Medici's begin creating a collection of antiquities- art from the past- which
demonstrates their wisdom and expertise of the classical world)
Byzantine Icon of Virgin and Child, 12th Century - Answer--Tempera on wood panel
-Theme is that the icon will heal you, reward you, lead you to salvation, and protect you
-People wanted to get close to icons, almost to the point of idol worshipping
-Style is very fixed and conservative, at this time you had to stick to certain models to be
effective for worship
-Icon has relic qualities (relic- surviving memento of past)
-Very flat images, unnatural, stylized face (small mouth and long face)
-Zigzag hood pattern
-Around this time start seeing a flooding of Byzantine Style Art flooding into Italy
Definition of Icons - Answer--Sacred images representing the saints, Christ, Virgin Mary,
or Crucifixion
-Most closely associated with wood panel painting
Madonna Enthroned (Maesta), 1285 by Cimabue - Answer--Tempera altarpiece for
Santa Trinita in Florence
-Has that Byzantine face style and clothing drapery
-Same Mary and Jesus from before in the greenish generic quality
-Iconography of Virgin Mary surrounded by court showing hierarchy
Otegetria Pose - Answer-Virgin Mary holding baby Christ, way of salvation
Arena Chapel is a shift to Humanism - Answer--Shift toward greater human emotions,
natural, embodied
Typology - Answer--the study and interpretation of types and symbols, originally
especially in the Bible.
-Example is whale swallowing Jonah in the Arena Chapel quarterfoil because Jonah
was a type of Christ
The Birth of Venus, 1482 by Sandra Botticelli - Answer--Tempera for Lorenzo Medici
-"Modest Venus" even though it is the first nonbiblical female nude, breaking medieval
tradition
, -Example of Renaissance classism
-Venus is the goddess of beauty and love (as God of wind blows her to show she is
greeted by the goddess of nature)
-Venus nude was also modeled after 3rd century B.C. Greek style
-Venus' form is still rather flat and floating weightlessly on shell, not standing with weight
-Starts the shift from divine to human achievements and relationship to nature
Wood Tempera Process - Answer--Very time consuming and expensive
-Make drawing on top of gesso, the gold is applied
-Very difficult to correct work
-Final result is reflective and shiny, strong colors
-Golden world is supposed to represent a remote heaven
Maesta, 1308 by Duccio - Answer--Altarpiece tempera
-Primarily same pose as before
-The image is a little less flat than Cimabue Maesta
-Court is more differentiated but still repetitive and stiffly unmoving
-Emphasis on order and formality, this is because it is heaven and shouldn't look earthly
since it is not
-The completion of the piece was a city celebration in Siena since people viewed it as a
Byzantine Icon rather than just artwork
-As piece was being carried from city hall to Duormo, people got on their knees and
prayed
-Back of the altarpiece had scenes of Christ's life
Ognissanti Madonna 1310 by Giotto - Answer--Made for Ognissanti Church in Florence
-Giotto earned a lot of credit for making the angels appear to be behind Mary looking up
at her through the altarpiece
-Mary is no longer as crowded and has more room
-Now touching the baby is a more motherly way than just pointing, showing more love
and support
-Mary has more body: breast and knees under her clothes
-All attention is on her- it is a single moment
Arena Chapel Frescoes, 1305 by Giotto - Answer--Created for Enrico Scrovegni's
personal chapel
-Expensive project commissioned by Scrovegni for Giotto
-The chapel was an overall act to win salvation because Enrico was a usurer (person
who leads money at unmoral interest rates)
-The walls have scenes from Mary and life of Christ, scenes of transition
-Shift from childhood to passion with marble separating the scenes
-Blue ceilings represent heaven and God watching
-Creating the mural of Joachim and Anna was challenging (Mary's parents struggled to
have her) because it was so high and needed people below to be able to scene so he
sacrificed proper scale making the people as big as archway
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