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Cells APHY101 Exam Questions With Marking Scheme

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Cells APHY101 Exam Questions With Marking Scheme What are two functions of the cell membrane? - ANSWER- it is the site for signal transduction, it is a selectively permeable barrier The _______________ is surrounded by an envalope and contains the genetic material (DNA) of a cell. - ANSWER- n...

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  • August 12, 2024
  • 12
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Cells APHY101
  • Cells APHY101
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Cells APHY101 Exam Questions With
Marking Scheme
What are two functions of the cell membrane? - ANSWER- it is the site for signal
transduction, it is a selectively permeable barrier

The _______________ is surrounded by an envalope and contains the genetic material
(DNA) of a cell. - ANSWER- nucleus

TRUE or FALSE: When molecules move down a concentration gradient, it means that
there is a net movement pf particles from a region of lower concentration to a region of
higher concentration. - ANSWER- false

MITOSIS in order - ANSWER- prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

OSMOSIS is the diffusion of _____________. - ANSWER- water

What are forces that drive ACTIVE TRANSPORT? - ANSWER- ATP and cellular energy

What TWO conditions are necessary for diffusion of a substance to occur across a
membrane? - ANSWER- membrane permeability; a concentration gradient

The term __________________ refere to the difference in concentration between two
regions. - ANSWER- gradient

What structures function to move mucus across the surface of the cell? - ANSWER-
cilia

Which organelle is composed of a stack of 5-8 flattened, membranous sacs called
cisternae? - ANSWER- golgi apparatus

Describe an increased rate of diffusion (3 things). - ANSWER- larger concentration
gradient, shorter distance, higher temperature

Describe a decreased rated of diffusion (3 things). - ANSWER- smaller concentration
gradient, longer distance, lower temperature

Simple ________________ occurs due to the random movement(s) of atoms,
molecules, or ions in air or liquid, from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower
concentrations. - ANSWER- diffusion

IMPORTANT: What occurs during PROPHASE? - ANSWER- the nucleus and nucleolus
disappear, chromatin coils up into chromosomes, spindle fibers form

, In _____________________, substances are moved across a membrane, against their
concentration gradients. - ANSWER- active transport

Organelles called transport ________________ are membranous sacs containing
substances that were produced in the cell like neurotransmitters or hormones. -
ANSWER- vesicles

IMPORTANT: Which organelle has enzymes necessary for lipid synthesis and
metabolism of drugs? - ANSWER- smooth endoplasmic reticulum

The type of endocytosis in which a cell membrane engulfs solid particle(s) from its
surroundings is called _________________________. - ANSWER- phagocytosis

Give FOUR characteristics of the endoplasmic reticulum. - ANSWER- functions in
synthesis of lipids, provides attachment for ribosomes, composed of membranous sacs,
functions in synthesis of proteins (RER)

TRUE or FALSE: Both facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion require NO carrier to
move molecules across the membrane. - ANSWER- false

THREE things that describe facilitated diffusion. - ANSWER- passive process, does not
require energy, moves molecules from high concentrations to low concentration ares

THREE things that describe active transport. - ANSWER- active process, requires
energy, moves molecules from low to high concentration areas

Active transport - ANSWER- Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell
membrane against a concentration difference

Exocytosis - ANSWER- the process by which a cell releases its content from a vesicle
to the outside of the cell

Endocytosis - ANSWER- process by which a cell takes material into the cell with the
use of a vesicle

Osmosis - ANSWER- movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane
towards a solution with a greater osmotic pressure

Diffusion - ANSWER- movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to
an area of lower concentration

Ions that use specific protein channels in the membrane use a process called
_______________ to move down their concentration gradient across the plasma
membrane. - ANSWER- facilitated diffusion

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