206 final
Review Code of Ethics - correct answer ✔primary goals and values of the
profession
a. Respect for every individual
b. Commitment to the patient
c. Protect patient rights
d. Provide optimum patient care
e. Improving health care environment
f. Contribute to knowledge of development
g. Encourage personal and professional growth
h. Collaborate to meet others health needs
i. Maintain integrity and values for shaping social policy
Review components of critical thinking - correct answer ✔using a process
based on principles of science
1. Examining all the elements of a situation
2. Making judgments based on fact
3. Thinking through strategies
4. Devising a number of scenarios
5. Determining a number of possible outcomes
Psychological and physiological benefits of mobility - correct answer
✔Promotes well being
2. Ensures proper body functioning
a. Integument: prevents skin breakdown
b. Musculoskeletal: muscle coordination and efficiency
,c. Cardiovascular/respiratory:blood flow and oxygenation
d. Metabolic/gastrointestinal: gastric mobility, absorption efficiency
e. Urinary: incr flow to kidney, acid base balance
f. Psychological health: emo satisfaction
Therapeutic effects of bed rest - correct answer ✔1. Reduces pain and need
for large doses of pain meds
2. Promotes healing tissue by decreasing activity which provides less oxygen
consumption
3. Provides equilibrium to regain strength
4. Prevents migration of toxins throughout the body
interventions to prevent/minimize the complication of immobility on the
integumentary system - correct answer ✔a. Risk assessment
b. Turning schedule - Q2 hours
c. pt hygiene - remove bacteria, increase circulation
d. Hydration / nutrition
e. Treatment of ulcers
interventions to prevent/minimize the complication of immobility on the
muskuloskeletal system - correct answer ✔ROM, PT
b. Positioning, alignment and support
c. Pain control and motivation - decrease pain will help promote movement
d. Assistive devices - walkers, canes, crutches
e. Nutrition: Ca++, water, fluid, and fiber
Osteoporosis and how to prevent
,how many days until - correct answer ✔Osteoporosis: loss of ca++ from
bone (resorption)
Preventative Measures:
a. Weight bearing - stress on bone (incr ostroblasts keep Ca++ within bone)
b. Research studies - starts 2 days after no stress, noticeable serum calcium
incr 2 wks later
c. Loss of bone Ca++ --> porous, brittle bones, increase Ca++ in blood
How to evaluate body alignment on a patient in bed - correct answer ✔Stand
at foot of the bed and look for alignment. Ask the patient if they feel twisted or
is comfortable
dietary needs of an immobile pt - correct answer ✔1. Calcium and vitamin D
2. Protein
3. Fluid
4. Fiber
5. Calories
Vital sign parameters when mobilizing a patient - correct answer
✔Orthostatic Hypotension:
a. Vasoconstriction reflex - normally occurs going from supine to upright
b. Prolonged immobility causes reflex to be dormant/
fail
Obtain baseline BP (fowlers 5 min, dangle 5 min, stand at edge of bed)
SBP drops 20-25
DBP drops 10
pulse incr 20 or more (compensatory mechanism r/t loss of blood flow to the
brain)
, Venous return devices: TEDS, PAS - nursing management - correct answer
✔TED hose - compress/narrow vein to promote venous return
a. Take off once a shift for an hour
b. Knee high or thigh high
c. compress superficial veins to force blood into deeper veins
d. needs to fit perfectly
SCD or PAS - "leg squeezers" - connected to pump, wraps around leg
a. High fibrolinic activity
b. Promotes the release of NO which cuts down on the formation of blood
clots (aka cuts down plt aggregation)
c. Take off once a shift for an hour
d. No need for PAS if ambulate 3X a day
e. air circulates from ankle to thick to take place of walking, incr velocity of
blood which breaks down clot formation
factors that predispose a pt to thrombus form. - correct answer ✔-venous
stasis: blood slows in vein
-incr coagubility: plasma portion decr o a greater extent than the red cell
mass, gets thicker and slows, pools in leg veins
-damage to intima: r/t improper body alignment, immobility, pooling from knee
gatch, plts cover damaged area resulting in plaque
medical management fo thrombi/emboli - correct answer ✔a. Meds - anti-
coagulant meds, cut down clot formation
Heparin - gold standard, lovenox, ASA (baby aspirin)
b. Elastic hose and compression stockings
Review Code of Ethics - correct answer ✔primary goals and values of the
profession
a. Respect for every individual
b. Commitment to the patient
c. Protect patient rights
d. Provide optimum patient care
e. Improving health care environment
f. Contribute to knowledge of development
g. Encourage personal and professional growth
h. Collaborate to meet others health needs
i. Maintain integrity and values for shaping social policy
Review components of critical thinking - correct answer ✔using a process
based on principles of science
1. Examining all the elements of a situation
2. Making judgments based on fact
3. Thinking through strategies
4. Devising a number of scenarios
5. Determining a number of possible outcomes
Psychological and physiological benefits of mobility - correct answer
✔Promotes well being
2. Ensures proper body functioning
a. Integument: prevents skin breakdown
b. Musculoskeletal: muscle coordination and efficiency
,c. Cardiovascular/respiratory:blood flow and oxygenation
d. Metabolic/gastrointestinal: gastric mobility, absorption efficiency
e. Urinary: incr flow to kidney, acid base balance
f. Psychological health: emo satisfaction
Therapeutic effects of bed rest - correct answer ✔1. Reduces pain and need
for large doses of pain meds
2. Promotes healing tissue by decreasing activity which provides less oxygen
consumption
3. Provides equilibrium to regain strength
4. Prevents migration of toxins throughout the body
interventions to prevent/minimize the complication of immobility on the
integumentary system - correct answer ✔a. Risk assessment
b. Turning schedule - Q2 hours
c. pt hygiene - remove bacteria, increase circulation
d. Hydration / nutrition
e. Treatment of ulcers
interventions to prevent/minimize the complication of immobility on the
muskuloskeletal system - correct answer ✔ROM, PT
b. Positioning, alignment and support
c. Pain control and motivation - decrease pain will help promote movement
d. Assistive devices - walkers, canes, crutches
e. Nutrition: Ca++, water, fluid, and fiber
Osteoporosis and how to prevent
,how many days until - correct answer ✔Osteoporosis: loss of ca++ from
bone (resorption)
Preventative Measures:
a. Weight bearing - stress on bone (incr ostroblasts keep Ca++ within bone)
b. Research studies - starts 2 days after no stress, noticeable serum calcium
incr 2 wks later
c. Loss of bone Ca++ --> porous, brittle bones, increase Ca++ in blood
How to evaluate body alignment on a patient in bed - correct answer ✔Stand
at foot of the bed and look for alignment. Ask the patient if they feel twisted or
is comfortable
dietary needs of an immobile pt - correct answer ✔1. Calcium and vitamin D
2. Protein
3. Fluid
4. Fiber
5. Calories
Vital sign parameters when mobilizing a patient - correct answer
✔Orthostatic Hypotension:
a. Vasoconstriction reflex - normally occurs going from supine to upright
b. Prolonged immobility causes reflex to be dormant/
fail
Obtain baseline BP (fowlers 5 min, dangle 5 min, stand at edge of bed)
SBP drops 20-25
DBP drops 10
pulse incr 20 or more (compensatory mechanism r/t loss of blood flow to the
brain)
, Venous return devices: TEDS, PAS - nursing management - correct answer
✔TED hose - compress/narrow vein to promote venous return
a. Take off once a shift for an hour
b. Knee high or thigh high
c. compress superficial veins to force blood into deeper veins
d. needs to fit perfectly
SCD or PAS - "leg squeezers" - connected to pump, wraps around leg
a. High fibrolinic activity
b. Promotes the release of NO which cuts down on the formation of blood
clots (aka cuts down plt aggregation)
c. Take off once a shift for an hour
d. No need for PAS if ambulate 3X a day
e. air circulates from ankle to thick to take place of walking, incr velocity of
blood which breaks down clot formation
factors that predispose a pt to thrombus form. - correct answer ✔-venous
stasis: blood slows in vein
-incr coagubility: plasma portion decr o a greater extent than the red cell
mass, gets thicker and slows, pools in leg veins
-damage to intima: r/t improper body alignment, immobility, pooling from knee
gatch, plts cover damaged area resulting in plaque
medical management fo thrombi/emboli - correct answer ✔a. Meds - anti-
coagulant meds, cut down clot formation
Heparin - gold standard, lovenox, ASA (baby aspirin)
b. Elastic hose and compression stockings
