BBH 101 Exam 3 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BBH 101
Institution
BBH 101
Overweight Body weight that exceeds the optimally healthy weight for a person of a given height, age, and body shape
Obesity Excessive accumulation of body fat, sufficient for adverse health effects
Body mass index Body weight divided by the square of a person's height Fails to differentiate body...
BBH 101 Exam 3 Practice Questions and
Correct Answers
Overweight ✅Body weight that exceeds the optimally healthy weight for a person of a
given height, age, and body shape
Obesity ✅Excessive accumulation of body fat, sufficient for adverse health effects
Body mass index ✅Body weight divided by the square of a person's height
Fails to differentiate body fat vs. Muscle mass but generally a reliable indicator of
healthy body weight for most people
Glycemic Index ✅Ranks foods based on how quickly the body converts them to
glucose
Higher values given to foods that cause the most rapid rise in blood sugar
An index of 100 is equivalent to consuming pure glucose
Glycemic load (GL) ✅Measures how much a food will raise a person's blood glucose
level
Some foods have a high GI but, because they are so sparse in carbohydrates or
sugars, have a low GL (e.g., watermelon
Blood sugar ✅Best when constant
Too low - lethargic, hungry
Too high - Pancreas produces insulin, brings blood sugar down by causing the body to
store all that sugar in adipose cells
Straightforward mechanism for weight gain
Fats ✅are a type of lipid, technically known as triglycerides. Densest sources of food
energy (one gram = nine calories compared with one gram = four calories for
carbohydrates and proteins)
Types of fats ✅Trans fat - unhealthy, avoid
Saturated fat ("animal fat") - moderation
Good fats (increase satiety, reduce blood cholesterol, anti-inflammatory)
Monounsaturated fat
Polyunsaturated fat
Includes Omega-3 fatty acids
Cholesterol ✅Modified steroids attached to lipids that are essential for cell membranes
and myelination in the brain. Usually found in lipoproteins
, Lipoproteins ✅Particles with a protein-packed lipid membrane that help transport
triglycerides and cholesterol to tissues
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ✅particles linked to development of heart disease ("bad
cholesterol")
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) ✅particles may offer some protection against
development of heart disease ("good cholesterol")
Diet and cancer ✅Diet is implicated in one-third of all cancer deaths in the United
States.
Saturated fat intake is linked to cancer risk
There is also evidence that certain foods may protect us against cancer.
Beta-carotene (metabolizes into Vitamin A) promotes immune functioning
Vitamins C and E protect against carcinogenic free radicals
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) ✅Body's base rate of energy expenditure
Influenced by heredity, age (higher in younger people), activity level, and body
composition (fat tissue has a lower metabolic rate)
Set-point hypothesis ✅The point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is
supposedly set
When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic
rate may act to restore the lost weight.
Lateral hypothalamus (LH) ✅Stimulation leads to hunger
Lesioning leads to self-starvation
Ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) ✅Stimulation causes an animal to stop eating
Lesioning leads to hunger
Arcuate nucleus ✅Area near VMH
Contains leptin receptors
Leptin ✅weight signaling hormone secreted by adipose cells and monitored by the
hypothalamus as an index of body fat
Appetite Regulation ✅Insulin is a pancreatic hormone that promotes storage of blood
sugar in fat cells.
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