The Public Health System:
The Government's Role correct answers -The health of the nation is the responsibility of the public health system in the United States.
-The public health system is not a single system.
*Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) correct answers -Main assessment...
MGMT 353 Exam 3 || All Correct.
The Public Health System:
The Government's Role correct answers -The health of the nation is the responsibility of the
public health system in the United States.
-The public health system is not a single system.
*Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) correct answers -Main assessment and
epidemiological organization for the US
-They collect, analyze and disseminate health data/information
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry correct answers Completes assessments,
focuses on environmentally related diseases
The National Institutes of Health correct answers Primary research arm of the government,
conducts and supports research projects
*The Food and Drug Administration correct answers Directly tests and assesses safety of food,
drugs, and a wide variety of consumer goods and sets standards for safe use of these items
*The Health Resources and Services Administration correct answers Primarily concerned with
resources development and health manpower
The Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration correct answers Concentrates on
developing programs and setting standards in these areas
Federal Government (1 * on card not entire card) correct answers *-Department of Health and
Human Services (DHHS)-gov principle dept that protects the health of the nation
*-The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)-provide healthcare insurance through
3rd party carriers through government
The WHO (2 * on this card, but not entire card) correct answers World Health Organization-
promote health as a global entity and focus on non communicable disease prevention and address
climate change and assist with contagious diseases
health-state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and no merely the absence of
disease
*public health-well being of everyone on a local and global level and includes anything that
helps achieve the complete state of physical, mental, and social well being
*goals of public health include to protect, promote, and restore health along with prevention of
illness
Curative medical care correct answers making us feel better when we are already sick
,How is curative medical care different from public health?
public health focuses on prevention and can impact laws and policies and initiatives promoting
public heath, provide care to elderly, provide substance abuse program, and free dental care to
young people (initiatives)
AIDS killed so many adults in Africa so there weren't enough adults to work effecting the
economy
The History of Public Health (1 * on this card but not entire card) correct answers -Public health
is not a completely new concept in human society.
-1700s and 1800s in the U.S.
--Creation of boards of health for containing disease (in response to yellow fever outbreak)
-National Institutes of Health (NIH) traces its roots to 1887.
--Setting sanitary standards
--Protecting from infectious diseases
--Health departments began in Massachusetts
Earliest signs of public health system was sewer system in India draining waste away from
homes. Another example was quarantine to prevent spread of leprosy in middle ages
*Public health came about-hospitals came about because seamen and military were paying .20
cents out of their paycheck for care and it morphed into military care system and public health
system (Act of sick and disabled seamen)
Abbreviated Historical Development— National Institutes of Health correct answers -In 1978
President John Adams signed "an Act for the relief of sick and disabled Seamen," which led to
the establishment of the marine Hospital Service (seamen were taxed).
--Sailers were taxed .20 cents a month to cover cost of staffing hospitals for sick sailors
(morphed into the public health system and surgeon general now oversees this & and from this
also came the marine hospital service)
-1850 by Lineal Shattuck-report calling for health departments to participate in control of
communicable diseases, food sanitation, and other stuff (Report of Sanitary Health of
Massachusetts) used as a blueprint of public health systems around the US
-1966 Division of Environmental Health Sciences created. (part of CDC) prevent exposures to
environmental health hazards (air quality, radiation, climate change)
-1970 National Institute on Aging created. (part of NIH) understand science of aging (research
and train on programs relevant to aging population)
-NIH funded Genome Project completed in 2003
, -2004 President George W. Bush visits N I H on Feb. 3 to unveil Project BioShield, a $6 billion,
10-year effort to protect the public from various weapons of bioterrorism. (accelerate research
and development as well as purchase effective medical counter measure for bioterrorism for US)
-2010-President Obama signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. (effected public
health in a large way, patients who didn't have insurance got insurance, policy changes)
*Key Public Health Functions correct answers Institute of Medicine released a report called The
Future of Public Health.
*-Three key functions of public health:
1) Assessment of the health of the community-determining needs of community through data
2) Policy development-determine what actions are appropriate for community or state
3) Assurance of the public health-making sure those actions are taken and we are putting into
affect policies and procedures
**Public Health officials engage in 3 types of activities to help them carry out the three functions
of public health (activities provide info to access health of communities and make changes of
policies) *whole card correct answers *1) Epidemiology-study of history of a disease, how its
distributed throughout a society
-epidemiologist-investigate where outbreak occurred, who, how, and when
*2) Surveillance-search for and documentation of disease in public heath
*3) Monitoring-review of disease data to determine disease levels
*Incidence correct answers Number of new cases of a disease or event such as a motor vehicle
accident in a specific population. (rate of incidents)
*Morbidity correct answers Number of cases of a specific disease in a specific period of time per
unit of population, usually expressed as a number per 1,000.
*Mortality rates correct answers Number of people who have died from a given disease or event.
These rates are collected and analyzed from death certificates. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly
Report is published by the CDC and reports illness and death rates for a variety of diseases.
*Prevalence correct answers Total number of infected/affected people (cases) over a given
period of time.
*Relative risk correct answers How an individual's risk may change relevant to a specific factor
(e.g., a smoker has a higher relative risk of getting lung cancer than a person who does not
smoke).
*Risk correct answers Likelihood that someone will become infected/affected.
Role of Government in Public Health correct answers Americans said gov should not entervene
with public health (turning point was great depression)
-Federal government has the ability to tax people to provide for the "general welfare" of society.
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