1|Page: 2024/2025 Grade A+
BIOL235: Midterm I Questions and Correct
Answers & Latest Updated
What are the four major types of cells?
o :## Neurons (nervous), muscle, epithelial, and connective tissue cells
What are the main functions of a neuron?
o :## > Rapidly transmits electrical signals
o > Highly branched to send or receive
o > Enables communication between the brain and
o other organs
o > Processes simple and complex information
What is the main function of muscle cells?
o :## > Contract and generate force
What are the three types of muscle cells?
o :## > Skeletal
> Cardiac
> Smooth
Which type(s) of muscle cells are involuntarily used?
o :## Cardiac & Smooth
Which type(s) of muscle cells are voluntarily used?
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o :## Skeletal
Why are neurons and muscle cells often compared?
o :## Because they are both excitable
Where are epithelial cells located?
o :## At the surfaces that cover the body or individual organs.
Why are epithelial cells so unique?
o :## Because of their organization and morphology
What is the difference between a simple epithelial cell and a stratified epithelial cell?
o :## a single cell layer thick
What is a cuboid epithelial cell?
o :## Epithelial cell shaped as a cube
What is a columnar epithelial cell?
o :## Epithelial cell shaped as a column
What is a squamous epithelial cell?
o :## Epithelial cell with a flattened shape
What is a ciliated epithelial cell?
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o :## Epithelial cell containing cilia
Where does the epithelial tissue rest?
o :## On an extracellular protein layer called the basement membrane.
What is the basolateral membrane?
o :## The basolateral membrane of a polarized cell is the surface of the basement membrane.
It faces outwards, away from the lumen.
What is the apical side?
o :## Is the side toward the lumen
How are epithelial cells held together?
o :## By tight junctions
What are tight junctions?
o :## Tight junctions seal adjacent epithelial cells in a narrow band just beneath their apical
surface. They consist of a network of claudins and other proteins.
What does it mean by epithelial cells are specialized?
o :## They are selective for secretion and absorption of ions and organic molecules, and for
protection.
How are glands formed?
o :## From epithelial cells.
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What determines the function of an epithelium tissue?
o :## In the region that it is formed the body reflects its function of that particular epithelium.
What is the function of connective tissue?
o :## To connect, anchor, and support the structure of the body.
What are the different types of connective tissue?
o :## > Loose Connective
> Dense Connective
> Blood
> Cartilage
> Adipose
If a cell is not a nerve, muscle, or epithelial cell, what is it?
o :## A connective tissue cell
What is a tissue?
o :## A group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function.
What is an organ?
o :## A group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function.
What is an organ system?
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 25, 2024 Latest Update
BIOL235: Midterm I Questions and Correct
Answers & Latest Updated
What are the four major types of cells?
o :## Neurons (nervous), muscle, epithelial, and connective tissue cells
What are the main functions of a neuron?
o :## > Rapidly transmits electrical signals
o > Highly branched to send or receive
o > Enables communication between the brain and
o other organs
o > Processes simple and complex information
What is the main function of muscle cells?
o :## > Contract and generate force
What are the three types of muscle cells?
o :## > Skeletal
> Cardiac
> Smooth
Which type(s) of muscle cells are involuntarily used?
o :## Cardiac & Smooth
Which type(s) of muscle cells are voluntarily used?
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 25, 2024 Latest Update
,2|Page: 2024/2025 Grade A+
o :## Skeletal
Why are neurons and muscle cells often compared?
o :## Because they are both excitable
Where are epithelial cells located?
o :## At the surfaces that cover the body or individual organs.
Why are epithelial cells so unique?
o :## Because of their organization and morphology
What is the difference between a simple epithelial cell and a stratified epithelial cell?
o :## a single cell layer thick
What is a cuboid epithelial cell?
o :## Epithelial cell shaped as a cube
What is a columnar epithelial cell?
o :## Epithelial cell shaped as a column
What is a squamous epithelial cell?
o :## Epithelial cell with a flattened shape
What is a ciliated epithelial cell?
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 25, 2024 Latest Update
,3|Page: 2024/2025 Grade A+
o :## Epithelial cell containing cilia
Where does the epithelial tissue rest?
o :## On an extracellular protein layer called the basement membrane.
What is the basolateral membrane?
o :## The basolateral membrane of a polarized cell is the surface of the basement membrane.
It faces outwards, away from the lumen.
What is the apical side?
o :## Is the side toward the lumen
How are epithelial cells held together?
o :## By tight junctions
What are tight junctions?
o :## Tight junctions seal adjacent epithelial cells in a narrow band just beneath their apical
surface. They consist of a network of claudins and other proteins.
What does it mean by epithelial cells are specialized?
o :## They are selective for secretion and absorption of ions and organic molecules, and for
protection.
How are glands formed?
o :## From epithelial cells.
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 25, 2024 Latest Update
, 4|Page: 2024/2025 Grade A+
What determines the function of an epithelium tissue?
o :## In the region that it is formed the body reflects its function of that particular epithelium.
What is the function of connective tissue?
o :## To connect, anchor, and support the structure of the body.
What are the different types of connective tissue?
o :## > Loose Connective
> Dense Connective
> Blood
> Cartilage
> Adipose
If a cell is not a nerve, muscle, or epithelial cell, what is it?
o :## A connective tissue cell
What is a tissue?
o :## A group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function.
What is an organ?
o :## A group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function.
What is an organ system?
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 25, 2024 Latest Update
