ATLS Written Review Latest Update 2024-2025
150 Questions and 100% Verified Correct
Answers Guaranteed A+
_______ fills the space between the arachnoid and pia mater? - CORRECT ANSWER:
CSF. this cushions the brain and spinal cord.
A GCS of ___ is accepted definition of coma? - CORRECT ANSWER: 8 or less
A local area of frost bite should be rewarmed with what temperature and in what waY? -
CORRECT ANSWER: 40C (104F)
should be done in whirlpool. not dry heat.
A midline shift of _____mm or greater on the CT is indicative of need for neurosurgery
to evacuate the clot or contusion causing the shift - CORRECT ANSWER: 5mm
After administration of mannitol what should be monitored closely? - CORRECT
ANSWER: ICP! mannitol has a substantial rebound effect on ICP
After managing ABCDEs of TBI what MUST be identified if present? How is this done? -
CORRECT ANSWER: mass lesion that requires surgical evacuation is critical! this is
done with CT. NOTE: obtaining a CT should not delay patient transfer to trauma center.
An 18-year-old man is brought to the hospital after smashing his motorcycle into a tree.
He is conscious us and alert, but paralyzed in both arms and legs. His skin is pale and
cold. He complains of thirst and difficulty in breathing. His airway is clear. His blood
pressure is 60/40 and his pulse rate is 140 beats per minute. Breath sounds are full and
equal bilaterally. He should be treated for what first? - CORRECT ANSWER:
hypovolemic shock with fluids.
NOTE: airway is OK because he is talking even though he complains of trouble
breathing.
,At what age do cervical spine differences begin to normalize? at what age does cervical
spine look like that of an adult? - CORRECT ANSWER: marked differences in cervical
spine occur until age 8 and steadily decline until age 12 when they are similar
At what levels do the spinal cord begin and end? - CORRECT ANSWER: begins at
foramen magnum at terminal end of the medulla oblongata and end at L1
average ICP is _____ mmHg. - CORRECT ANSWER: 10
Basilar fractures of the skull usually require what type of imaging? - CORRECT
ANSWER: this requires CT with bone-window setting.
Carboxyhemoglobin levels greater than ___% in burn patient indicate inhalation injury
and require transport and/or intubation if transport is prolonged. - CORRECT ANSWER:
10%
Chest tube is indicated for which of the following?
-tension pneumo
-hemothorax
-ruptured bronchus
-pulmonary contusion
-mass hemothorax - CORRECT ANSWER: All EXCEPT pulmonary contusion
Compare the specificity and sensitivity of DPL and CT in blunt abdominal trauma. -
CORRECT ANSWER: DPL- high sens (98), low spec
CT - high sens (92-98), high spec (95)
Contusion occur in ___% of TBI. They often occur in _____ or ______ lobes of brain.
They may coalesce to form ______ in as many as 20$%. - CORRECT ANSWER: 20-
30%
frontal or temporal
, intracerebral hematoma.
Does hypertonic saline lower ICP in hypovolemia?
Does mannitol lower ICP in hypovolemia? - CORRECT ANSWER: No
NO
does weakness occur on the same or opposite side of the uncal herniation? -
CORRECT ANSWER: OPPOSITE. the corticospinal tract of the midbrain is compressed
and then crosses at the foramen magnum.
Epidural hematomas often occur in the _____ area of the skull and result from a tear of
the _______ arteries. - CORRECT ANSWER: temporal
middle meningeal artery
Fluid resuscitation of an infant begins with _______(amount and type). And then
progresses to ______. (amount and type) - CORRECT ANSWER: 20mL/kg Ringers
lactate.
(may give up to three of these boluses initially)
For the third bolus consider PRBCs at 10mL/kg
For a patient bleed profusely from a wound not he medial thigh where should pressure
be applied? - CORRECT ANSWER: pressure should b applied directly to the wound. Do
not apply pressure to the proximal femoral artery at the groin
For a patient who is not breathing what intervention is indicated? - CORRECT
ANSWER: orotracheal intubation
for a penetrating object such as an arrow or screw driver into the skull, test should be
performed and what should be done with the object? - CORRECT ANSWER: need CT,
Xray for trajectory, and angiography. leave the object in place. Removing the object lead
to fatal vascular injury.
150 Questions and 100% Verified Correct
Answers Guaranteed A+
_______ fills the space between the arachnoid and pia mater? - CORRECT ANSWER:
CSF. this cushions the brain and spinal cord.
A GCS of ___ is accepted definition of coma? - CORRECT ANSWER: 8 or less
A local area of frost bite should be rewarmed with what temperature and in what waY? -
CORRECT ANSWER: 40C (104F)
should be done in whirlpool. not dry heat.
A midline shift of _____mm or greater on the CT is indicative of need for neurosurgery
to evacuate the clot or contusion causing the shift - CORRECT ANSWER: 5mm
After administration of mannitol what should be monitored closely? - CORRECT
ANSWER: ICP! mannitol has a substantial rebound effect on ICP
After managing ABCDEs of TBI what MUST be identified if present? How is this done? -
CORRECT ANSWER: mass lesion that requires surgical evacuation is critical! this is
done with CT. NOTE: obtaining a CT should not delay patient transfer to trauma center.
An 18-year-old man is brought to the hospital after smashing his motorcycle into a tree.
He is conscious us and alert, but paralyzed in both arms and legs. His skin is pale and
cold. He complains of thirst and difficulty in breathing. His airway is clear. His blood
pressure is 60/40 and his pulse rate is 140 beats per minute. Breath sounds are full and
equal bilaterally. He should be treated for what first? - CORRECT ANSWER:
hypovolemic shock with fluids.
NOTE: airway is OK because he is talking even though he complains of trouble
breathing.
,At what age do cervical spine differences begin to normalize? at what age does cervical
spine look like that of an adult? - CORRECT ANSWER: marked differences in cervical
spine occur until age 8 and steadily decline until age 12 when they are similar
At what levels do the spinal cord begin and end? - CORRECT ANSWER: begins at
foramen magnum at terminal end of the medulla oblongata and end at L1
average ICP is _____ mmHg. - CORRECT ANSWER: 10
Basilar fractures of the skull usually require what type of imaging? - CORRECT
ANSWER: this requires CT with bone-window setting.
Carboxyhemoglobin levels greater than ___% in burn patient indicate inhalation injury
and require transport and/or intubation if transport is prolonged. - CORRECT ANSWER:
10%
Chest tube is indicated for which of the following?
-tension pneumo
-hemothorax
-ruptured bronchus
-pulmonary contusion
-mass hemothorax - CORRECT ANSWER: All EXCEPT pulmonary contusion
Compare the specificity and sensitivity of DPL and CT in blunt abdominal trauma. -
CORRECT ANSWER: DPL- high sens (98), low spec
CT - high sens (92-98), high spec (95)
Contusion occur in ___% of TBI. They often occur in _____ or ______ lobes of brain.
They may coalesce to form ______ in as many as 20$%. - CORRECT ANSWER: 20-
30%
frontal or temporal
, intracerebral hematoma.
Does hypertonic saline lower ICP in hypovolemia?
Does mannitol lower ICP in hypovolemia? - CORRECT ANSWER: No
NO
does weakness occur on the same or opposite side of the uncal herniation? -
CORRECT ANSWER: OPPOSITE. the corticospinal tract of the midbrain is compressed
and then crosses at the foramen magnum.
Epidural hematomas often occur in the _____ area of the skull and result from a tear of
the _______ arteries. - CORRECT ANSWER: temporal
middle meningeal artery
Fluid resuscitation of an infant begins with _______(amount and type). And then
progresses to ______. (amount and type) - CORRECT ANSWER: 20mL/kg Ringers
lactate.
(may give up to three of these boluses initially)
For the third bolus consider PRBCs at 10mL/kg
For a patient bleed profusely from a wound not he medial thigh where should pressure
be applied? - CORRECT ANSWER: pressure should b applied directly to the wound. Do
not apply pressure to the proximal femoral artery at the groin
For a patient who is not breathing what intervention is indicated? - CORRECT
ANSWER: orotracheal intubation
for a penetrating object such as an arrow or screw driver into the skull, test should be
performed and what should be done with the object? - CORRECT ANSWER: need CT,
Xray for trajectory, and angiography. leave the object in place. Removing the object lead
to fatal vascular injury.
