ANATOMY EXAM 1 WITH CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
anatomy - ANSWER-study of structures
physiology - ANSWER-study of function
gross anatomy - ANSWER-anatomy visible to the naked eye
functional anatomy - ANSWER-a one sentence description of
what something does
cytology - ANSWER-study of cells
histology - ANSWER-study of tissues
The Hierarchy (9) - ANSWER-atom, molecule, macromolecule,
organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
atom - ANSWER-fundamental building blocks of matter
(oxygen, carbon)
molecule - ANSWER-two or more atoms bonded together
(water, glucose)
macromolecule - ANSWER-large, complex molecules created
by living organisms
4 types of macromolecules - ANSWER-proteins, lipids,
carbohydrates, nucleic acids
proteins - ANSWER-provide structure, variety of key functions
,nucleic acids - ANSWER-information molecules (DNA and
RNA)
lipids - ANSWER-fats and oils, used for padding, insulation,
and steroid hormones
carbohydrates - ANSWER-used for fuel, cell membrane, and
cellular glue
organelles - ANSWER-highly organized structures within cells
cells - ANSWER-basic structural and functional units of life,
containers for chemical reactions.
tissue - ANSWER-groups of cells in close proximity to each
other that work together to carry out specialized activities
4 major tissue types - ANSWER-epithelial, connective,
muscular, nervous
organs - ANSWER-two or more tissues working together,
forming recognizable shapes and having specific functions
organ systems (11) - ANSWER-two or more organs working
together to do a job
integumentary system (skin) - ANSWER-protection from the
environment, environmental sensing, repair
skeletal - ANSWER-support, protection, muscle attachment for
body movement, mineral storage
muscular - ANSWER-movement of body and substances in
body, support of soft tissues
, nervous - ANSWER-fast, immediate, point to point
communication and control, thought/cognition
circulatory - ANSWER-includes cardiovascular and lymphatic
systems
cardiovascular transports nutrients, wastes,
hormones
lymphatic is the site of most immune system
functions
respiratory - ANSWER-gas exchange, communication
digestive - ANSWER-mechanical and chemical digestion,
absorption and ingestion
urinary - ANSWER-filtration of blood to remove waste
reproductive - ANSWER-make new people
endocrine - ANSWER-slow, long term, body-wide
communication and control via hormones in the bloodstream
immune - ANSWER-protection from pathogens and cancer,
cleanup of old and damaged cells
anterior - ANSWER-toward front surface of body
posterior - ANSWER-toward rear surface of body
ventral - ANSWER-toward front surface of body
dorsal - ANSWER-toward rear surface of body
superior - ANSWER-toward head
inferior - ANSWER-toward feet
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
anatomy - ANSWER-study of structures
physiology - ANSWER-study of function
gross anatomy - ANSWER-anatomy visible to the naked eye
functional anatomy - ANSWER-a one sentence description of
what something does
cytology - ANSWER-study of cells
histology - ANSWER-study of tissues
The Hierarchy (9) - ANSWER-atom, molecule, macromolecule,
organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
atom - ANSWER-fundamental building blocks of matter
(oxygen, carbon)
molecule - ANSWER-two or more atoms bonded together
(water, glucose)
macromolecule - ANSWER-large, complex molecules created
by living organisms
4 types of macromolecules - ANSWER-proteins, lipids,
carbohydrates, nucleic acids
proteins - ANSWER-provide structure, variety of key functions
,nucleic acids - ANSWER-information molecules (DNA and
RNA)
lipids - ANSWER-fats and oils, used for padding, insulation,
and steroid hormones
carbohydrates - ANSWER-used for fuel, cell membrane, and
cellular glue
organelles - ANSWER-highly organized structures within cells
cells - ANSWER-basic structural and functional units of life,
containers for chemical reactions.
tissue - ANSWER-groups of cells in close proximity to each
other that work together to carry out specialized activities
4 major tissue types - ANSWER-epithelial, connective,
muscular, nervous
organs - ANSWER-two or more tissues working together,
forming recognizable shapes and having specific functions
organ systems (11) - ANSWER-two or more organs working
together to do a job
integumentary system (skin) - ANSWER-protection from the
environment, environmental sensing, repair
skeletal - ANSWER-support, protection, muscle attachment for
body movement, mineral storage
muscular - ANSWER-movement of body and substances in
body, support of soft tissues
, nervous - ANSWER-fast, immediate, point to point
communication and control, thought/cognition
circulatory - ANSWER-includes cardiovascular and lymphatic
systems
cardiovascular transports nutrients, wastes,
hormones
lymphatic is the site of most immune system
functions
respiratory - ANSWER-gas exchange, communication
digestive - ANSWER-mechanical and chemical digestion,
absorption and ingestion
urinary - ANSWER-filtration of blood to remove waste
reproductive - ANSWER-make new people
endocrine - ANSWER-slow, long term, body-wide
communication and control via hormones in the bloodstream
immune - ANSWER-protection from pathogens and cancer,
cleanup of old and damaged cells
anterior - ANSWER-toward front surface of body
posterior - ANSWER-toward rear surface of body
ventral - ANSWER-toward front surface of body
dorsal - ANSWER-toward rear surface of body
superior - ANSWER-toward head
inferior - ANSWER-toward feet
