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MICR 270 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL ANSWERS VERIFIED

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micr 270
micr 270 exam questions with all answers verified

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MICR 270 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ALL ANSWERS VERIFIED

ingestion - Answer-second step of phagocytosis

pathogen is ingested, forming a phagosome within the cell

fusion - Answer-third step of phagocytosis

The phagosome fuses with a lysosome, releasing lysosomal enzymes

digestion - Answer-fourth step of phagocytosis

bacterium is killed and digested by the lysosomal enzymes

release - Answer-last step of phagocytosis

The digestion products are released from the cell via exocytosis

inflammation - Answer-Occurs as a localized tissue response to injury or invasion and
has both local and systemic effects within the body

Purpose is to localize and eliminate the invading pathogen in an effort to remove
damaged tissue and stop it from spreading

calor - Answer-heat

dalor - Answer-pain

rubor - Answer-redness

vasodialation - Answer-increase in the diameter of blood vessels

occurs in capillaries near the affected area as the vessles carrying blood away from the
area constrict which makes the capillary network become engorged

exudate - Answer-increase in membrane permeability from the capillary network
engorgement

chemotaxis - Answer-entrance of fluid and cells from the previous event includes the
influx of phagocytes

,steps: margination, extravasion, chemotaxis

margination - Answer-adherence of the phagocytes to the endothelial wall of the blood
vessels

extravasion - Answer-emigration of phagocytes between the capillary-endothelial cells
into the tissue

antibodies (immunoglobins) - Answer-effector molecules of humour immunity

secreted antibodies - Answer-antibodies secreted by plasma cells and circulated in the
blood

membrane-bound antibodies - Answer-antibodies circulated in the blood that are
attached to the surface of a B cell

light chain - Answer-main antigen binding region of immunoglobin molecule

heavy chain - Answer-majority of structure of immunoglobin

differs in each type

IgG - Answer-Can coat microbes to promote phagocytosis and killing by immune cells

Only class that can cross the placental barrier

IgM - Answer-First antibody to be formed in an immune response

Activate the complement system with IgG to complimant the work of the antibodies that
amplify inflammatory and immune responses and cause lysis of some bacteria

IgA - Answer-Predominant antibody class present in the body's secretions

Acts as the first line of defence at the mucosal membranes against invading organisms

IgE - Answer-Produced in excess in response to pollen, animal dander, and dust

Reactions against harmless intruders leads to allergic response

Beneficial role = certain parasites - can activate helper T cells to initiate an adaptive
immune response to helminth worms

IgD - Answer-Found in large quantities on the surface of mature B cells

Importance is unclear

, Thought to have activity during B cell development

adaptive immune response - Answer-1. antigen recognition
2. lymphcyte activation
3. antigen elimination
4. apoptosis
5. memory

professional APCs - Answer-Very efficient at internalizing antigens, either by
phagocytosis or receptor-mediated endocytosis

Then display the antigen on the cell surface via MHC proteins

non-professional APCs - Answer-Do not constitutively express the MHC proteins
required to interact with naïve T cells

Must be stimulates by certain cytokines before they will display MHC

immune system - Answer-an organization of cells, tissues, and organs within the body
that each have their own specialized role in defending against infection

Immune response - Answer-the coordinated reaction of immune cells and microbes

antibody - Answer-circulating protein which is made by a class of immune cells called B
cells in response to a specific antigen

antigen - Answer-foreign protein that induces an immune response typically including
the production of antibodies

Lymphatic system - Answer-a network of vessels that collects fluid that has escaped
from the capillaries and entered the surrounding tissues

lymph - Answer-clear fluid that has leaked out of the capillary walls of the blood vessels
into the surrounding tissues called interstitial space

Lymphatic vessels - Answer-pick up lymph, and carry it towards the heart where it re-
enters the circulatory system

lymph node - Answer-filter the lymph and are filled with lymphocytes (a type of white
blood cells) specializing in antigen recognition

lymphoid - Answer-adjective = components of the lymphatic system

thymus - Answer-where T cells mature

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