Honors Biology Semester 1 Final exam
with complete solution 2024/2025
What are the steps of the scientific method? - ANSWER- Observation, question,
hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion
What are the 7 characteristics of living things? - ANSWER- CHEMGER: cells,
homeostatis, energy, metabolism, growth, evolution, reproduction
What is the difference between a molecule, atom, compound, and element? (give
an example) - ANSWER- order in size: atom, element, molecule, compound
O O H2O H2O
atoms make elements
2+ atoms make molecules
2+ elements make compounds
How is an ion different than an atom? (2 reasons) - ANSWER- an ion has a net
charge and has lost or gain electrons
How are ionic compounds different than covalent? - ANSWER- ionic compounds
combine a positive and negatively charged atom
covalent compounds combine two postively charged atoms
How are ionic bonds different than covalent? - ANSWER- ionic bonds steal
electrons and covalent bonds share electrons
On a pH scale, where do acids fall? - ANSWER- 1-7
On a pH scale, where do bases fall? - ANSWER- 7-14
,On a pH scale, where do nuetral items fall? - ANSWER- 7
What is an example of a common acid? - ANSWER- lemon juice, vinegar, apple
juice
What is an example of a common base? - ANSWER- ammonia
What is an example of a common neutral item? - ANSWER- water
What is the ratio of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in carbohydrates? - ANSWER-
C H2 O (1-2-1)
What is the ration of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in lipids? - ANSWER- C H(3+)
O (1->2-1)
How do amino acid (protein) formulas differ from carbs or lipids or nucleic acids?
- ANSWER- the have an NH4
What do nucleic acids have that other organic compounds do not? - ANSWER-
PO4
What are the four organic compounds? - ANSWER- carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins and nucleic acids
Which of the following is an organic compounds?
a) Ca3 (PO4 )2
b)H2 O
c)CO2
d) C6 H12 O6 - ANSWER- d) C6 H12 O6
What does most nucleic acid look like? - ANSWER- double stranded or double
helix
What are the two most common nucleic acids? - ANSWER- DNA and RNA
What is a monosaccharide? - ANSWER- single sugar
, What is a disaccharide? - ANSWER- double sugar (ie: glucose and fructose)
What is a polysaccharide? - ANSWER- complex carb with three or more sugars
What organic compound are enzymes? - ANSWER- protein
What organic compound are starches, sugars, glucose and polysaccharides? -
ANSWER- carbohydrates
What organic compounds are wax and fats? - ANSWER- lipids
What organic compounds are nucleotides? - ANSWER- nucleic acids
How do enzymes and substrates fit together? - ANSWER- like lock and key
What is activation energy? - ANSWER- energy needed to start chemical reactions
How are catalysts related to activation energy? - ANSWER- reduce activation
energy need
How are enzymes related to activation energy? - ANSWER- speed chemical
reactions using activation energy up
What element do ALL organic compound have, natural or synthetic? - ANSWER-
carbon
What is the most common source of energy for living things? - ANSWER-
carbohydrates
What did Hooke do to help cell discovery? - ANSWER- saw first cells in cork
What did Leeuwenhoek do to help cell discovery? - ANSWER- observed cells of
living things through the first microscope that he made
What did Schleiden do to help cell discovery? - ANSWER- developed the cell
theory
with complete solution 2024/2025
What are the steps of the scientific method? - ANSWER- Observation, question,
hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion
What are the 7 characteristics of living things? - ANSWER- CHEMGER: cells,
homeostatis, energy, metabolism, growth, evolution, reproduction
What is the difference between a molecule, atom, compound, and element? (give
an example) - ANSWER- order in size: atom, element, molecule, compound
O O H2O H2O
atoms make elements
2+ atoms make molecules
2+ elements make compounds
How is an ion different than an atom? (2 reasons) - ANSWER- an ion has a net
charge and has lost or gain electrons
How are ionic compounds different than covalent? - ANSWER- ionic compounds
combine a positive and negatively charged atom
covalent compounds combine two postively charged atoms
How are ionic bonds different than covalent? - ANSWER- ionic bonds steal
electrons and covalent bonds share electrons
On a pH scale, where do acids fall? - ANSWER- 1-7
On a pH scale, where do bases fall? - ANSWER- 7-14
,On a pH scale, where do nuetral items fall? - ANSWER- 7
What is an example of a common acid? - ANSWER- lemon juice, vinegar, apple
juice
What is an example of a common base? - ANSWER- ammonia
What is an example of a common neutral item? - ANSWER- water
What is the ratio of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in carbohydrates? - ANSWER-
C H2 O (1-2-1)
What is the ration of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in lipids? - ANSWER- C H(3+)
O (1->2-1)
How do amino acid (protein) formulas differ from carbs or lipids or nucleic acids?
- ANSWER- the have an NH4
What do nucleic acids have that other organic compounds do not? - ANSWER-
PO4
What are the four organic compounds? - ANSWER- carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins and nucleic acids
Which of the following is an organic compounds?
a) Ca3 (PO4 )2
b)H2 O
c)CO2
d) C6 H12 O6 - ANSWER- d) C6 H12 O6
What does most nucleic acid look like? - ANSWER- double stranded or double
helix
What are the two most common nucleic acids? - ANSWER- DNA and RNA
What is a monosaccharide? - ANSWER- single sugar
, What is a disaccharide? - ANSWER- double sugar (ie: glucose and fructose)
What is a polysaccharide? - ANSWER- complex carb with three or more sugars
What organic compound are enzymes? - ANSWER- protein
What organic compound are starches, sugars, glucose and polysaccharides? -
ANSWER- carbohydrates
What organic compounds are wax and fats? - ANSWER- lipids
What organic compounds are nucleotides? - ANSWER- nucleic acids
How do enzymes and substrates fit together? - ANSWER- like lock and key
What is activation energy? - ANSWER- energy needed to start chemical reactions
How are catalysts related to activation energy? - ANSWER- reduce activation
energy need
How are enzymes related to activation energy? - ANSWER- speed chemical
reactions using activation energy up
What element do ALL organic compound have, natural or synthetic? - ANSWER-
carbon
What is the most common source of energy for living things? - ANSWER-
carbohydrates
What did Hooke do to help cell discovery? - ANSWER- saw first cells in cork
What did Leeuwenhoek do to help cell discovery? - ANSWER- observed cells of
living things through the first microscope that he made
What did Schleiden do to help cell discovery? - ANSWER- developed the cell
theory
