Med/Surg Test #2 / Final For NUR 172 Questions and Answers
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Med/Surg #2 / For NUR 172
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Med/Surg #2 / For NUR 172
Med/Surg Test #2 / Final For NUR 172
HIV - Answer- A virus that attacks and destroys the human immune system and causes AIDS
AIDS - Answer- A serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles.
PREP for...
Med/Surg Test #2 / Final For NUR 172
HIV - Answer- A virus that attacks and destroys the human immune system and
causes AIDS
AIDS - Answer- A serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted
through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles.
PREP for HIV - Answer- -pre-exposure prophylaxis Emtricitabine/tenofovir
-to lower aquisition of HIV
-to lower morbidity and mortality
-need to continue regular screening and safe sex
-long term side effects are nephrotoxicity, lactic acidosis, hepatotoxcitiy, bone pain
aka osteopenia.
ART (antiretroviral therapy) - Answer- treatment for AIDS
What is the functions of ART ? - Answer- To lower HIV replication
To lower morbidity and mortality
Increase quality of life
Restore and preservation of immune system
To lower HIV plasma load
Reduce HIV transmission
anaplhylaxis - Answer- rapid clinical response to an immediate immunologic reaction
between a specific antibody and antigen
hypersensitivity - Answer- exaggerated abnormal reaction to an allergen
T Cells - Answer- Cells created in the thymus that produce substances that attack
infected cells in the body.
synovial joints - Answer- created where two bones articulate to permit a variety of
motions
The autoimmune reaction that causes rheumatoid arthritis originates in the
______________ tissue. - Answer- Synovial
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are likely to manifest a
_________-shaped rash across the bridge of the nose and cheeks. - Answer-
Butterfly
What is the purpose of a fever? - Answer- - enhance inflammation,
- helps the immune function (faster healing)
- Kill bacteria
Signs of Fever? - Answer- Body temperature of 38.1 or higher
Increased ventilation - respirations over 22 breaths a min
,Pulse >90
Unstable blood pressure
Nursing interventions for fever - Answer- AVOID further infection > Hand hygiene
with staff, friends, family
Monitor BP
Monitor Temp every 2 -4 hours
Increase oral fluid intake
Monitor skin color
High caloric diet
Administer antipyretics
signs of allergic rhinitis - Answer- rubbing the nose, darkened circles under the eyes,
and transverse crease across the bridge of the nose from "allergic salutes"
conjunctivitis - water, red, swollen eyes
Signs of food allergies - Answer- -Swelling of the lips tongue face or throat
-Tingling of the mouth
-Hives
-Anaphylaxis
Signs of an Insect sting allergy - Answer- A large area of swelling (edema) at the
sting site◦ Itching or hives all over the body◦
Cough, chest tightness, wheezing or SOB◦
Anaphylaxis
Clinical manifestations of mild systemic reactions - Answer- Nasal congestions
peripheral tingling and sensation of warmth
Fullness of mouth and throat
Periorbital swelling (eye lid swelling)
pruritus (itchy skin)
Sneezing
Tearing of the eyes
Clinical manifestations of moderate systemic reactions - Answer- Flushing
Warmth
Anxiety
Itching
Bronchospasm / edema in the airway
Cough
Wheezing
Dyspnea
Clinical manifestations of severe systemic reactions - Answer- Abrupt onset of
bronchospasm,
laryngeal edema,
cyanosis,
hypotension,
, nausea
vomiting
rash
dysphagia,
abdominal cramping.
Coma
Cardiac arrest
When should Epi pens be administered following a severe systemic reaction? -
Answer- 30 mins
What does the Epi pen do to the body? (3things) - Answer- -Decreases swelling and
increases blood pressure.
-Relaxes the muscles around the airways
-Prevents the release of additional allergic chemicals
What drugs / treatment are used for Anaphylaxis ? - Answer- Drugs:
- Antihistamines - diphenhydramine - block further histamine binding at target cells
- Albuterol / aminophylline - decreased bronchoconstriction / wheezing
Fluids - crystalloids, colloids, or vasopressors > hypotension
Corticosteroids - hydrocortisone > depress immune system for prolonged reaction
Anaphylaxis: nursing interventions - Answer- Stop the transfusion, Notify
RN/Physician , Remain with pt. , ABCs/ vital signs, ensure IV access maintained with
0.9%NS
Hypersensitivity / Allergy / Anaphylaxis Evaluation and outcomes for the patient -
Answer- -The patient can be able to recognize s/s of allergy reaction,
-Proper use of antihistamines
-Recognize products to avoid that contain allergens and the importance of calling
911
Signs of Rheumatoid arthritis - Answer- -Ulnar drift
-Swan-neck Deformity
What is the most common age for someone to develop Lupus erythematosus ? -
Answer- Ages 15 - 40
What is systemic lupus erythematosus ? - Answer- an autoimmune disease where
antibodies fight the bodies own cells and can affect the skin, joints, kidneys, lungs,
nervous system, and other organs of the body.
Risk factors of Lupus - Answer- Genetic Component
Race
African American females
More common in Hispanic/Latino, Asian, and American Indian women
Treatment with certain drugs = Hydralazine, hydrochlorides and anticonvulsants,
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