solutions 2024/2025
TRAUMA - ANSWER- 1. SCENE SIZE-UP
BSI/PPE
Scene safe
MOI/NOI
# of patients
ALS backup
Consider c-spine
2. PRIMARY SURVEY/RESUSC.
General impression
AVPU/LOC
Chief complaint/apparent life threats
Airway: open & assess, insert adjunct
Breathing: assess, assure adequate ventilation, O ₂ therapy if necessary, manage
any injury compromising breathing
Circulation: check pulse, assess skin, assess and control major bleeding, initiate
shock management if indicated
Identify patient priority level/make transport decision
3. HISTORY TAKING
Obtain baseline vitals (BP, P, & RR)
Obtain SAMPLE history
4. SECONDARY ASSESSMENT/DCAP-BTLS
Head: Inspect/palpate scalp & ears, eyes, mouth, nose, and facial area
Neck: Check tracheal position, jugular veins, palpate c-spine
Chest: Inspect, palpate, and auscultate chest
Abdomen/Pelvis: Inspect & palpate abdomen + pelvis, verbalize assessment of
genitalia if needed
Lower extremities: Inspect, palpate, and check PMS
Upper extremities: Inspect, palpate, and check PMS
, Posterior thorax/lumbar/buttocks: Inspect and palpate
Manage secondary injuries and wounds appropriately
5. REASSESSMENT
Indicate how and when to reassess patient
MEDICAL - ANSWER- 1. SCENE SIZE-UP
BSI/PPE
Scene safe
MOI/NOI
# of patients
ALS backup
Consider c-spine
2. PRIMARY SURVEY/RESUSC.
General impression
AVPU/LOC
Chief complaint/apparent life threats
Airway: open & assess, insert adjunct
Breathing: assess, assure adequate ventilation, O ₂ therapy if necessary, manage
any injury compromising breathing
Circulation: check pulse, assess skin, assess and control major bleeding, initiate
shock management if indicated
Identify patient priority level/make transport decision
3. HISTORY TAKING
OPQRST & any clarifying questions
SAMPLE
4. SECONDARY ASSESSMENT
Assess affected body part/system
Cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, musculoskeletal, integumentary, GI/GU,
reproductive, psychological/social
5. VITAL SIGNS
BP, pulse, respiration rate and quality
State field impression (armchair diagnosis/ddx)
Verbalize interventions/treatment
6. REASSESSMENT
State how and when to reassess to determine changes in condition
Provide accurate verbal report to arriving EMS unit
BVM VENTILATION OF AN APNEIC ADULT - ANSWER- PPE
Check responsiveness
ALS backup