NUR 3145 Exam 3 Questions With Complete Solutions
_____ is a process in which the ventricles dilate, hypertrophy
and become more spherical. this process is driven primarily by
SNS and RASS activation Correct Answers cardiac remodeling
_____ reduced venous pressure which decreases preload to
improve cardiac output, decrease congestive symptoms and
improve exercise capacity Correct Answers vasodilators
______ exerts a positive inotropic action on the heart. that is, the
drug increases the force of ventricular contraction, and can
therby increase cardiac output Correct Answers digoxin
______ reduce blood volume, decrease venous pressure, arterial
pressure(afterload), pulmonary edema, peripheral edema, and
cardiac dilation which help patients with heart failure Correct
Answers diuretics
a patient receiving ACE inhibitors develops a cough, what
classification of drugs can the provider switch the patient to
Correct Answers ARBs
according to the JNC-7, what is the target blood pressure goal
for patients with diabetes Correct Answers less than 130/80
ACEIs and ARBs cause vasodilation of _____ Correct Answers
arteries and veins
ACEIs can cause lithium levels to____ Correct Answers
increase
,are ACEIs and ARBs effective in african americans Correct
Answers they are less effective possibly because AAs have
diminished renin
are loop diuretics used first line for the treatment of HTN
Correct Answers no, they are not preferred agents
are the non-dihyropyridine CCBs inotropic agents Correct
Answers no they are negative inotropes and can worsen heart
failure
are thiazide diuretics effective in patients with decreased
glomerular filtration? Correct Answers no, the patient requires
a loop diuretic
by decreasing preload, venous dilators can cause an increase or
decrease in cardiac work Correct Answers decrease
can ace inhibitors be given for high blood pressure to a pregnant
woman Correct Answers no, they can cause fetal harm in the
second and third trimesters
can ace inhibitors be used in pregnancy Correct Answers no
can digoxin and verapamil be used together Correct Answers
verapamil can increase digoxin levels by 60% leading to digoxin
toxicity
, contrast dihydropyridines and nondihydropyridines Correct
Answers dihydropyridines work on arterioles and non-
dihydropyridines work on arterioles and heart
define afterload Correct Answers the load against which a
muscle must overcome in order to contract
define preload Correct Answers the arterial pressure that the
left ventricle must overcome to eject blood
dehydration from diuretic use can promote thromboembolism.
describe the symptoms of thromboembolism Correct Answers
headache, pain in chest calves or pelvis, positive homan's sign,
erythema
describe starling's law of the heart Correct Answers the heart
compensates to increases in blood volume by pumping more
blood out
describe the MOA of angiotensin converting enzyme (ace)
inhibitors Correct Answers reduce the level of angiotensin II,
increase the level of bradykinin, dilate blood vessels, reduce
blood volume
describe the MOA of furosemide (Lasix) Correct Answers
blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending
loop of henle
describe the MOA of spironolactone Correct Answers blocks
aldosterone in distal nephron, potassium is retained, sodium is
excreted
_____ is a process in which the ventricles dilate, hypertrophy
and become more spherical. this process is driven primarily by
SNS and RASS activation Correct Answers cardiac remodeling
_____ reduced venous pressure which decreases preload to
improve cardiac output, decrease congestive symptoms and
improve exercise capacity Correct Answers vasodilators
______ exerts a positive inotropic action on the heart. that is, the
drug increases the force of ventricular contraction, and can
therby increase cardiac output Correct Answers digoxin
______ reduce blood volume, decrease venous pressure, arterial
pressure(afterload), pulmonary edema, peripheral edema, and
cardiac dilation which help patients with heart failure Correct
Answers diuretics
a patient receiving ACE inhibitors develops a cough, what
classification of drugs can the provider switch the patient to
Correct Answers ARBs
according to the JNC-7, what is the target blood pressure goal
for patients with diabetes Correct Answers less than 130/80
ACEIs and ARBs cause vasodilation of _____ Correct Answers
arteries and veins
ACEIs can cause lithium levels to____ Correct Answers
increase
,are ACEIs and ARBs effective in african americans Correct
Answers they are less effective possibly because AAs have
diminished renin
are loop diuretics used first line for the treatment of HTN
Correct Answers no, they are not preferred agents
are the non-dihyropyridine CCBs inotropic agents Correct
Answers no they are negative inotropes and can worsen heart
failure
are thiazide diuretics effective in patients with decreased
glomerular filtration? Correct Answers no, the patient requires
a loop diuretic
by decreasing preload, venous dilators can cause an increase or
decrease in cardiac work Correct Answers decrease
can ace inhibitors be given for high blood pressure to a pregnant
woman Correct Answers no, they can cause fetal harm in the
second and third trimesters
can ace inhibitors be used in pregnancy Correct Answers no
can digoxin and verapamil be used together Correct Answers
verapamil can increase digoxin levels by 60% leading to digoxin
toxicity
, contrast dihydropyridines and nondihydropyridines Correct
Answers dihydropyridines work on arterioles and non-
dihydropyridines work on arterioles and heart
define afterload Correct Answers the load against which a
muscle must overcome in order to contract
define preload Correct Answers the arterial pressure that the
left ventricle must overcome to eject blood
dehydration from diuretic use can promote thromboembolism.
describe the symptoms of thromboembolism Correct Answers
headache, pain in chest calves or pelvis, positive homan's sign,
erythema
describe starling's law of the heart Correct Answers the heart
compensates to increases in blood volume by pumping more
blood out
describe the MOA of angiotensin converting enzyme (ace)
inhibitors Correct Answers reduce the level of angiotensin II,
increase the level of bradykinin, dilate blood vessels, reduce
blood volume
describe the MOA of furosemide (Lasix) Correct Answers
blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending
loop of henle
describe the MOA of spironolactone Correct Answers blocks
aldosterone in distal nephron, potassium is retained, sodium is
excreted
