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chem 219 Final Exam with QuestionsAlready 100% Answered
If 5.00 g of Gas A and 5.00 g of Gas B are mixed in the same container, and the
partial pressure of Gas B is determined to be twice that of Gas A, what do we
know about the gases? - ✔✔If Gas A has half the partial pressure of Gas B,
this indicates that there are fewer moles of it at the same mass, and therefore
Gas A has twice the molar mass of Gas B
mol fraction and partial pressure - ✔✔the formula for both
Amonton's Law - ✔✔if the volume of a gas is held constant, increasing
the temperature of the gas increases its pressure.
Boyle's Law
in terms of KE - ✔✔Volume decreased, wall area decreased =
increased pressure
Avagadro's Law
in terms of KE - ✔✔Container pressure constant, more gas molecules added
= increased volume
,Dalton's Law - ✔✔The total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of
the individual pressures (Ptotal=P1+P2+P3...)
The kinetic energy (KE) of a particle of mass (m) and speed (u) is given by
- ✔✔KE = 1/2 mu^2
The KE avg of a collection of gas molecules is also directly proportional to the
temperature of the gas and may be described by the equation - ✔✔KEavg
= 3/2 RT
Kinetic Molecular Theory - ✔✔The Kinetic Molecular Theory states:
⋅⋅There is no attraction between the gas particles.
⋅⋅The volume available to the gas particles is equal to the volume of the container.
⋅⋅The measured pressure is from collisions of the gas particles with the walls of the container.
⋅⋅The average kinetic energy is proportional to the temperature of the system.
Which of the following gas samples have the greatest average molecular speed at
25°C? - ✔✔Speed of individual gas molecules is inversely proportional to the
molar mass. CH₄ has a molar mass of just over 16 g/mol and is the smallest of the
gases listed. Therefore it has the fastest molecular speed.
What is the difference between effusion and diffusion? - ✔✔Effusion
is through a pinhole, and diffusion is through open space.
, Under what conditions are gases most likely to behave ideally? - ✔✔Gases
are more likely to behave as ideal gases at low pressures and high temperatures.
Particles are moving faster and are farther apart, therefore they are less likely to
interact with each other
The speed of a wave (c) is the product of its frequency (ν) and wavelength (λ). -
✔✔E = hv = h x c / λ
nm to m
or
m to nm - ✔✔1 m / 10^9 nm
or
10^9 nm / 1 m
What is the maximum number of electrons that can have the quantum numbers n
= 3, ℓ = 2, mℓ = -2? - ✔✔The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two
electrons in a given atom can share the same set of four quantum numbers (n, ℓ,
mℓ, ms). This set of quantum numbers contains three quantum numbers, with
the only missing quantum number being ms, which can take on the values +½ and
-½. Therefore, this set of three quantum numbers represents a single atomic
orbital, which can contain two unique electrons: one with ms = +½ and one with
ms = -½.
An exothermic reaction causes the surroundings to - ✔✔An exothermic
reaction transfers energy from the system to the surroundings. That tells us
the surroundings will get warmer.
A theory is another word for a(n) _________. - ✔✔A theory or model is a well
established explanation of a phenomenon based on a series of facts and a body
of evidence.
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