RNSG 1443 Musculoskeletal Exam Questions And Answers
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Course
RNSG 1443
Institution
RNSG 1443
X-Ray - ANS What is the most common diagnostic test used for assessing musculoskeletal disorders?
MRI - ANS What diagnostic test is done for soft tissue trauma?
Sprain - ANS injury to ligamentous structures surrounding a joint; usually caused by wrenching or twisting m...
RNSG 1443 Musculoskeletal Exam
Questions And Answers
X-Ray - ANS What is the most common diagnostic test used for assessing musculoskeletal
disorders?
MRI - ANS What diagnostic test is done for soft tissue trauma?
Sprain - ANS injury to ligamentous structures surrounding a joint; usually caused by
wrenching or twisting motion. Most occur in ankle and knee joints.
Strain - ANS excessive stretching of a muscle, its fascial sheath, or a tendon. Most occur in
the large muscle groups (back, calf, hamstrings).
RICE- rest, ice, cold, compression - ANS What is the treatment for sprains and strains?
Dislocation - ANS severe injury of the ligamentous structures that surround a joint; results
in complete displacement or separation of articular surfaces of the joint. Most obvious sign is
deformity. Other manifestations include local pain, tenderness, loss of function of injured part,
and swelling of soft tissues in joint region. Requires prompt attention. Neurovascular
assessment is critical.
The longer the joint remains unreduced, the greater the possibility of avascular necrosis.
Compartment syndrome also a risk. Dislocation is also associated w/ significant vascular injury.
- ANS Why is dislocation considered a medical emergency?
Realign dislocated portion of the join in its original anatomic position - ANS What is the first
goal of management of dislocation?
Repetitive strain injury - ANS injuries resulting from prolonged force, or repetitive
movements and awkward postures. AKA overuse syndrome. Repeated movements strain the
tendons, ligaments, and muscles, causing tiny tears that become inflamed. Exact cause
unknown.
Carpal tunnel syndrome - ANS condition caused by compression of the median nerve,
which enters the hand through the narrow confines of the carpal tunnel. Most common
compression neuropathy in the upper extremity. Associated with hobbies/occupations that
require continuous wrist movement. Physical signs include Timmel's sign (hand numbness when
, median nerve is tapped) and Phalen's sign (numbness/tingling when wrists allowed to fall freely
for 60 seconds).
Bursitis - ANS inflammation of bursae—closed sacs that are lined with synovial membrane
and contain a small amount of synovial fluid; located at sites of friction. Results from
repeated/excessive trauma or friction, gout, rheumatoid arthritis, or infection.
Fracture - ANS a disruption or break in the continuity of the bone structure. Classified as
displaced (open) or nondisplaced (closed) depending on communication or noncommunication
with the external environment. Signs include immediate localized pain, decreased function, and
inability to bear weight or use affected part. Obvious bone deformity may be present. Require
nursing assessments of the peripheral vasculature (color, temperature, capillary refill, peripheral
pulses, and edema) and neurologic systems (sensation, motor function, and pain).
Transverse - ANS fracture in which the line of the fracture extends across the bone shaft at
a right angle to the longitudinal axis
Spiral - ANS fracture in which the line of the fracture extends in a spiral direction along the
shaft of the bone
Greenstick - ANS incomplete fracture with one side splintered and the other side bent
Comminuted - ANS fracture with more than two fragments; smaller fragments appear to be
floating
Oblique - ANS fracture in which the line of the fracture extends at an angle
Pathologic - ANS spontaneous fracture at the site of a bone disease
Stress - ANS fracture that occurs in normal or abnormal bone that is subject to repeated
stress such as from jogging or running.
Colle's fracture - ANS fracture of the distal radius. Manifestations are pain, swelling, and
obvious deformity of the wrist. It is usually managed by closed manipulation, immobilization by
splint or a cast, or, if displaced, by internal or external fixation.
Assess for neurovascular integrity (circulation and pulses!) below the injury - next
splint/immobilize the fracture. - ANS After arriving on the scene of a possible traumatic
bone injury what should be the first nursing intervention? (After that you have assessed that
your patient is breathing)
Compartment syndrome - ANS condition in which elevated compartmental pressure within
a confined myofascial compartment compromises the neurovascular function of tissues within
that space. Causes capillary perfusion to be reduced below a level necessary for tissue viability.
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