NURS 504 Exam 5 Study Questions and
Correct Answers
A 30-year-old woman who is in the first trimester of pregnancy has presented to her
primary care provider with a 4-day history of a reddened, itchy left eye that is crusted
with purulent exudate. The clinician suspects a bacterial, rather than viral, etiology. How
will the client's pregnancy affect the potential use of ciprofloxacin to treat her
conjunctivitis?
Ciprofloxacin is safe to use in pregnancy and the client may use to same dose and
route as a nonpregnant client. The use of ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in pregnancy.
It is safe for the client to use topical ciprofloxacin but the oral route is potential
teratogenic. The client will require a lower dose and longer course of ciprofloxacin than
a nonpregnant, adult client. ✅The use of ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in pregnancy.
A 66-year-old woman with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections has been
admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of pyelonephritis. The client began treatment
36 hours ago with intravenous gentamicin and is being monitored closely. The nurse is
aware that the therapeutic effect of the client's drug regimen is primarily a result of:
alterations in the osmolarity of bacterial cytoplasm. lysis of the bacterial cell walls.
interference with bacterial reproduction. enhancement of the client's immune function.
✅interference with bacterial reproduction.
A client is receiving a cephalosporin and an aminoglycoside as combination therapy.
What assessment should the nurse prioritize?
Serum BUN and creatinine levels Coagulation studies Signs of disulfiram-like reaction
Complete blood count ✅Serum BUN and creatinine levels
A 75-year-old patient with a history of renal impairment is admitted to the primary health
care center with a UTI and has been prescribed a cephalosporin. Which of the following
interventions is most important for the nurse to perform when caring for this patient?
Monitoring fluid intake. Monitoring blood creatinine levels. Testing for occult blood.
Testing for increased glucose levels. ✅Monitoring blood creatinine levels.
Inappropriate use of antibiotics does all of the following except increase:
adverse drug effects. health care costs. the number of available effective drugs for
serious or antibiotic-resistant infections. infections with drug-resistant microorganisms.
✅the number of available effective drugs for serious or antibiotic-resistant infections.
, Your client is being treated for streptococcal pharyngitis and is NPO. Her health care
provider has ordered Penicillin G to be given IM. She wants to know why she cannot
take her medications via an oral route. Your best response is:
Penicillin G is inactivated by gastric acid, therefore it is only given IM or IV. Penicillin G
is inactivated by gastric acid, therefore it is only given IM. Penicillin G can be given
orally but requires higher doses. Penicillin G is no longer used for this problem.
✅Penicillin G is inactivated by gastric acid, therefore it is only given IM or IV.
After teaching a group of nursing students about the action of penicillins, the instructor
determines that the teaching was effective when the students identify natural penicillins
as exerting which type of effect on microorganisms?
bactericidal bacteriostatic fungicidal fungistatic ✅bactericidal
A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a nursing pharmacology class on
the action of fluoroquinolones. Which action would the instructor most likely include?
interfering with DNA synthesis in the bacterial cell interfering with protein synthesis
disrupting the bacterial cell wall blocking ribosomal reading of mRNA ✅interfering with
DNA synthesis in the bacterial cell
A nurse has questioned why a client's health care provider has prescribed a narrow-
spectrum antibiotic rather than a broad-spectrum drug in the treatment of an infection.
Which facts provide the best rationale for the use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics
whenever possible?
Broad-spectrum antibiotics confound the results of subsequent culture and sensitivity
testing. Narrow-spectrum antibiotics normally require a shorter duration of treatment.
The efficacy of most narrow-spectrum antibiotics has not been proven. The use of
broad-spectrum antibiotics can create a risk for a superinfection. ✅The use of broad-
spectrum antibiotics can create a risk for a superinfection.
Because of their low risk of toxicity, aminoglycocides are replacing many of the other
antibiotics today.
True False ✅False
A woman is seen in the clinic for treatment of vaginal itching and discharge. The nurse
should be prepared to provide the client with information concerning which single-dose
medication?
caspofungin terbinafine ketoconazole fluconazole ✅fluconazole
Culture and susceptibility tests are performed prior to the prescription of antimicrobial
drugs. What is the specific purpose of the culture?
Correct Answers
A 30-year-old woman who is in the first trimester of pregnancy has presented to her
primary care provider with a 4-day history of a reddened, itchy left eye that is crusted
with purulent exudate. The clinician suspects a bacterial, rather than viral, etiology. How
will the client's pregnancy affect the potential use of ciprofloxacin to treat her
conjunctivitis?
Ciprofloxacin is safe to use in pregnancy and the client may use to same dose and
route as a nonpregnant client. The use of ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in pregnancy.
It is safe for the client to use topical ciprofloxacin but the oral route is potential
teratogenic. The client will require a lower dose and longer course of ciprofloxacin than
a nonpregnant, adult client. ✅The use of ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in pregnancy.
A 66-year-old woman with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections has been
admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of pyelonephritis. The client began treatment
36 hours ago with intravenous gentamicin and is being monitored closely. The nurse is
aware that the therapeutic effect of the client's drug regimen is primarily a result of:
alterations in the osmolarity of bacterial cytoplasm. lysis of the bacterial cell walls.
interference with bacterial reproduction. enhancement of the client's immune function.
✅interference with bacterial reproduction.
A client is receiving a cephalosporin and an aminoglycoside as combination therapy.
What assessment should the nurse prioritize?
Serum BUN and creatinine levels Coagulation studies Signs of disulfiram-like reaction
Complete blood count ✅Serum BUN and creatinine levels
A 75-year-old patient with a history of renal impairment is admitted to the primary health
care center with a UTI and has been prescribed a cephalosporin. Which of the following
interventions is most important for the nurse to perform when caring for this patient?
Monitoring fluid intake. Monitoring blood creatinine levels. Testing for occult blood.
Testing for increased glucose levels. ✅Monitoring blood creatinine levels.
Inappropriate use of antibiotics does all of the following except increase:
adverse drug effects. health care costs. the number of available effective drugs for
serious or antibiotic-resistant infections. infections with drug-resistant microorganisms.
✅the number of available effective drugs for serious or antibiotic-resistant infections.
, Your client is being treated for streptococcal pharyngitis and is NPO. Her health care
provider has ordered Penicillin G to be given IM. She wants to know why she cannot
take her medications via an oral route. Your best response is:
Penicillin G is inactivated by gastric acid, therefore it is only given IM or IV. Penicillin G
is inactivated by gastric acid, therefore it is only given IM. Penicillin G can be given
orally but requires higher doses. Penicillin G is no longer used for this problem.
✅Penicillin G is inactivated by gastric acid, therefore it is only given IM or IV.
After teaching a group of nursing students about the action of penicillins, the instructor
determines that the teaching was effective when the students identify natural penicillins
as exerting which type of effect on microorganisms?
bactericidal bacteriostatic fungicidal fungistatic ✅bactericidal
A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a nursing pharmacology class on
the action of fluoroquinolones. Which action would the instructor most likely include?
interfering with DNA synthesis in the bacterial cell interfering with protein synthesis
disrupting the bacterial cell wall blocking ribosomal reading of mRNA ✅interfering with
DNA synthesis in the bacterial cell
A nurse has questioned why a client's health care provider has prescribed a narrow-
spectrum antibiotic rather than a broad-spectrum drug in the treatment of an infection.
Which facts provide the best rationale for the use of narrow-spectrum antibiotics
whenever possible?
Broad-spectrum antibiotics confound the results of subsequent culture and sensitivity
testing. Narrow-spectrum antibiotics normally require a shorter duration of treatment.
The efficacy of most narrow-spectrum antibiotics has not been proven. The use of
broad-spectrum antibiotics can create a risk for a superinfection. ✅The use of broad-
spectrum antibiotics can create a risk for a superinfection.
Because of their low risk of toxicity, aminoglycocides are replacing many of the other
antibiotics today.
True False ✅False
A woman is seen in the clinic for treatment of vaginal itching and discharge. The nurse
should be prepared to provide the client with information concerning which single-dose
medication?
caspofungin terbinafine ketoconazole fluconazole ✅fluconazole
Culture and susceptibility tests are performed prior to the prescription of antimicrobial
drugs. What is the specific purpose of the culture?
