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Chemical and Physical Foundations of Biological Systems Questions with Correct Answer2
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Chemical and Physical Foundations of Biological Systems Questions with Correct Answer2
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Chemical and Physical Foundations of BiologicalSystems Questions with Correct Answers
Mechanical Advantage Correct Answer-M = Force out / Force in = input
arm distance/output arm distance
Also note that Fd*Dd = Fw*Dw
What does Archimedes Principle explain? Correct Answer-The
buoyancy force is equal to the weight of fluid displaced
What is the density of water? Correct Answer-1000 kg/m^3
Specific gravity Correct Answer-How dense something is relative to
water
Atmospheres vs. Pascals Correct Answer-1atm = 101,325 Pa
How do you find the % of an object submerged in a liquid? Correct
Answer-compare the densities. Specific gravity gives percentage
submerged in water.
Describe what each term means in Bernoulli's Equation Correct Answer-
Work, PE, and KE
What's the equation for the viscous force? Correct Answer-+eta is
coefficient of viscosity (if Newtonian, does not change), units of Pa * s
,+A is area of pipe/tube through which fluid flows
+v is velocity at which fluid flows
+d is depth of fluid
What does Poiseuille's Law state? Correct Answer-Where Q is volume
flow rate V/t, l is length of pipe, r is radius, and eta is coefficient of
viscosity
At what speed does a fluid become turbulent? What's the Reynolds
number for blood? Correct Answer-+Nr is reynolds number (2000 for
blood)
+eta is viscosity
+D is diameter (note that D = 2r)
+rho is density of fluid
What causes surface tension and capillary action to occur? Correct
Answer-+Surface tension caused by cohesion between water molecules
+Capillary action caused by adhesion between water and sides of a tube,
for example
What happens to a fluid when it flows into a constricted region?
(Venturi Effect) Correct Answer-The Bernoulli effect causes this higher
velocity fluid to DECREASE in velocity. Use Bernoulli's equation to see
this readily
,What's the function of a pitot tube? Correct Answer-Used to measure
velocity of a fluid (like when flying in an aircraft
How do the lungs and heart receive blood? Correct Answer-Lungs
through systemic circulation via the bronchial vessels and the heart
through systemic circulation via the coronary vessels.
Note: coronary veins dump straight into R atrium
Why don't RBCs use oxygen? Correct Answer-They don't have
mitochondria, hence don't undergo aerobic processes that require oxygen
What are the main differences between arteries and veins? Correct
Answer-+Arteries: going away from heart, HIGHER PRESSURE,
LOWER VOLUME (15%), smooth muscle is thicker
+Veins: going towards heart, LOWER PRESSURE, HIGHER
VOLUME (65%), have valves to prevent backflow,
-Lumen diameter (Veins have larger diameters than arteries)
How do you measure the resistance in a tube? How could you increase
the resistance in a blood vessel? Correct Answer-L is length of tube, r is
radius
, How would you measure resistance of blood flow in the body? Correct
Answer-dP = Q * R
where dP is change in pressure, Q is volume flow rate (vol/time), and R
is resistance
Find Q using stroke volume (vol/beat) * heart rate (beat/time) = vol/time
What qualities does an ideal gas have? Correct Answer-1. no
intermolecular forces
2. molecules don't have volume
3. all collisions are perfectly elastic
What is the ideal gas constant R? How would you find it Correct
Answer-with atmospheres -> .0821 atm*L/(mol*K(
with kPa -> 8.314 kPa*L/(mol*K)
with m^3 -> 8.314 Pa*m^3/(mol*K)
Use STP (273 K, 1 mole = 22.4 L) to find
What is Boyle's Law? Correct Answer-P1V1=P2V2
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