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Ethnic Studies 101 midterm Question and answers rated A+ 2024/2025 Ethnic Studies 101 midterm Francois Bernier (french physician) - correct answer - mid 17th century - traveled to various locations and published articles about people and their physical characteristics - argued geographers h...

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  • October 9, 2024
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Ethnic Studies 101 midterm
Francois Bernier (french physician) - correct answer ✔- mid 17th century
- traveled to various locations and published articles about people and their
physical characteristics
- argued geographers had only divided location & that it's not enough
divisions, we need to divide the world on physical appearance


Francois Bernier's 4 divisons - correct answer ✔1. Europeans: despite
different colors, they're the same race
2. Far Easterners: he said they have "oddly shaped eyes"
3. Blacks: "thick lips, flat noses, wooly haired, dark skinned"
4. Laps (Russia & Siberia): "short, huge feet, and bear looking"


George Buffon - correct answer ✔- mid 18th century
- biologist from France
- we're all members from the same species but all of the colored races are
"exotic variations of the white race"
- he said that the white race is perfection
- also argued that white skin was natural skin color of human kind


Johann Blumenbach - correct answer ✔- collected skulls from humans
across the world, argued there are 5 types of humans
- argued caucasian was most attractive


Johann Blumenbach's 5 types - correct answer ✔1. Caucasians (white)
2. Mongolian (yellow)

, 3. Ethiopian (black)
4. American (red)
5. Malay (brown)


Herbert Spencer - correct answer ✔took Darwin's theory and argued not only
animals go through evolution, but human societies as well


Ideological Racism - correct answer ✔an ideology that connects a group's
physical characteristics to a group's intellectual characteristics


Social Darwisnism - correct answer ✔using survival of the fittest to justify
how you treat people socially (ex: slavery)


Racial group - correct answer ✔a social group in which ppl are singled out
on the basis of alleged characteristics OR a social group in which ppl single
themselves out on the basis of physical characteristics


Culture - correct answer ✔social behaviors, traditions, and values a group of
people have


Ethnic group - correct answer ✔social group set apart by others or by itself
and is shaped by culture or nationality


Ethnocentrism - correct answer ✔when you view your culture as the best


Racial Identity - correct answer ✔a sense of group or collective identity
based on one's perception that he or she shares a common heritage with a
particular racial group

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