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ANCC Exam Questions And Correct Answers

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ANCC Exam Questions And Correct Answers


Types of prevention - ANSWER primary- car restraints, bicycle helmets, immunizations

secondary- prevent for those with RF-pap, mammo

tertiary-mgmt of established disease- meds, lifestyle



Primary - ANSWER Preventing the health problem, most cost effective form of
healthcare **IMMUNIZATIONS, ensuring adequate illumination at home (preventing
falls)



Secondary - ANSWER Detecting disease in early asymptomatic stages, screenings

-Early cause finding of asymptomatic disease via the use of a screening test

Ex. highly abnormal mammo not final word



Tertiary- ANSWER Decreasing negative disease induced outcomes, could be
considered failure of primary prevention

Ex- rehab, PT, OT



Who should not receive influenza vaccine- ANSWER 4 mon old born at 32 weeks
gestation

receive flu- 6 mon and older

can give during pregnancy/lactation

give children 2x- 4 months apart



MMR- ANSWER preggers can't receive (no varicella, or zoster, smallpox, flu mist,
rotavirus), but lactation OK!

its live but weakened

give again to those born after 1957

,Give to 6-11 month who are travelling outside US

May treat and have an innocent flat pink rash



2 doses ( at 12-15 mon and 4-6 years)



Tetanus - ANSWER can get from soil, a depth of the wound is important



Preggers- get a tdap in her thirst trimester to pass onto the unborn child pertusis is a
bad outcome, family members need to be up to date- can cause lockjaw



T-dap- 1 at 11-64 and then booster every 10

dTap-five doses



Pertussis- uncontrollable cough, vomiting, fatigue, dx: nasopharyngeal culture and PCR
testing

tx: Azithromycin



No pap smear - ANSWER prior to 21 or in elderly



Benadryl - ANSWER older, cross BBB, can cause sedation, urinary retention (bad for
BPH)



herpes zoster - ANSWER stronger chickenpox vaccine-zoster vaccine

post-herpetic neuralgia- persists after 1 month



Herpes keratitis refers to an infection of the corneal epithelium caused by the herpes
virus, and most commonly shingles. The patient usually presents with acute onset of eye
pain, photophobia, and blurred vision in the affected eye.

,primary open angle glaucoma - ANSWER peripheral vision loss, elevated intraocular
pressure, deep-cupping of optic disc, tx with beta-adrenergic antag (Timolol), alpha
agonists, prostaglandin analogues



Glaucoma screening test- Tonometry



Normative aging - ANSWER Need for increased illumination



Macular degeneration - ANSWER central vision loss, common cause of new onset
blindness in elderly



More females

Screening tests- Amsler grid test



-Meniere's disease (idio) vs. Meniere's syndrome (secondary)-ANSWER: dizziness,
tinnitius, nystagmus, vertigo RF: ototoxic drugs, tx: benzos for rest and corticosteroids
for anti-inflam

oral cancer-ANSWER ulcerated lesion with indurated margins, most common SCC, RF:
HPV 16, screening at dental visits

beta lacatams with allergic reactions-ANSWER penecillins, cephalosporins,
carbapenems

rashes with Epstein Barr

Otitis externa-ANSWER Caused by fungus- Candidia or Aspergillus/P. aeruginosa

hallmark is pain on palpating tragus

Tx--> fluoroquinolone



AOM - ANSWER S.penumoniae (gram pos)-40-50%, tx with amox/cephalo, macrolides,
resistance protein binding sites

H.influenza (gram neg)- can produce beta-lactamase

, M.catarrhalis (gram neg)- also produces beta-lactamase, can get better w/o antibiotic



Need abnormal ear drum (bulging TM) + pain (otalgia)/rubbing/tugging ear



tx- Acetaminophen and otic drops help with ST

Watchful waiting- 6 months or older, with non-severe illness, unilateral, fever <102.2,
otalgia <48



<6 months-begin antibiotic!! if allergy-Cefdinir], RF: pacifier use for 10 months, feedings
in the supine, smoke exposure, day care,



<2- 10 days

2-6 yrs- 7 days

>6 yrs- 5 days



1st line- Amox 90 BID, Amox clav BID

With PCN allergy- **Cefdinir (Cephlosporins)



Group A strep

(GABHS) - ANSWER Streptococcus pyogenes, risk for rheumatic fever and Glomerulo.,
peritonsillar abscess,

tx- amox then try macrolide if doesnt't improve

GOLD STANDARD IS THROAT CULTURE



Indoor allergen - ANSWER dust mites (perennial), pets, cockroaches, mold spores



Acute Bacterial rhinosinusitis - ANSWER S.penumoniae**, RF-viral infection, allergies,
tobacco use, 1st line is Augmentin, penicillin allergy-Cefdinir

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