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NURS 316 Unit 7 questions with correct answers
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NURS 316 Unit 7 questions with correct answers
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NURS 316 Unit 7 questions with correct answersWhich of the following clients are more than likely experiencing
impairment of the mucociliary blank with cilia dysfunction? Select all
that apply.
A. A smoker who smokes 2 packs a day and currently hospitalized with
pneumonia
B. A middle-aged diabetic client with bilateral neuropathy
C. A military guard stationed in Germany
D. A mountain skier who spends all day outside teaching ski lessons
E. A nursing home client diagnosed with H1N1 influenza with a fever of
102 F. Correct Answer-A. A smoker who smokes 2 packs a day and
currently hospitalized with pneumonia
B. A middle-aged diabetic client with bilateral neuropathy
D. A mountain skier who spends all day outside teaching ski lessons
E. A nursing home client diagnosed with H1N1 influenza with a fever of
102 F. (21) --- The mucociliary blanket protects the respiratory system
by entrapping foreign particles in mucous; then cilia move the mucous
with trapped particles upward toward the oropharynx to be coughed out
or swallowed. The function of the cilia in clearing the lower airways and
alveoli is optimal at normal oxygen levels and is impaired in situations
of low and high oxygen levels. It is also impaired by drying conditions,.
such as breathing heated but unhumidified indoor air during the winter
months. Cigarette smoking slows down or paralyzes the motility of the
cilia. This slowing allows the residue from tobacco smoke, dust, and
other particles to accumulate in the lungs, decreasing the efficiency of
this pulmonary defense system. During fever, the water vapour in the
lungs increases, causing more water to be lost through the resp tract. In
addition, fever usually is accompanied by an increase in respiratory rate
,so that more air passes through the airways, withdrawing moisture from
its mucosal surface. As a result, resp secretions thicken, preventing free
movement of the cilia and impairing the protective function of the
mucociliary defense system.
Above the glottis that opens and closes for speech, the epiglottis
performs which physiologic function during swallowing?
A. Open the epiglottis
B. Cover the larynx
C. Collapses the vocal cords
D. Constrict the airways. Correct Answer-B. Cover the larynx
A child with asthma is walking outside and develops a bronchospasm.
The school nurse knows this spasm has what effects on bronchioles with
airflow? Select all that apply.
A. Narrowing of bronchioles
B. Impairs airflow
C. Exerts tension on the bronchiole walls
D. Causes atelectasis in posterior lung segments
E. Inhibits the filtering of dust particles. Correct Answer-A. Narrowing
of bronchioles
B. Impairs airflow (21) --- Bronchospasm, or contraction of these
muscles, causing narrowing of the bronchioles and impairs airflow.
Bronchospasm does not exert tension on the walls of the bronchi, cause
atelectasis, or inhibit filtering of dust particles.
,A client with a history of emphysema from long-term cigarette smoking
has loss of many alveoli. When comparing the type I alveolar cell
physiologic function with the primary role of type II alveoli, the nurse
would be aware that the type II alveoli are responsible for:
A. Facilitation of bronchial circulation
B. Production of surfactant
C. Gas Exchange
D. Production of macrophages Correct Answer-B. Production of
surfactant (21)
Bronchial circulation differs from pulmonary circulation by providing
blood for the:
A. Production of surfactant
B. Alveolar gas exchange
C. Mediastinal and pleural space
D. Intrapulmonary pressure balance Correct Answer-A. Production of
surfactant (21)
When a client with a history of asthma takes a walk outside on a windy
day with high pollen counts, she may experience an asthma attack,
resulting in an increase in respiration rate and wheezing. The body's
response is likely related to which pathophysiological principle?
A. Parasympathetic nervous system stimulation resulting in airway
constriction
B. Release of catecholamines causing blood vessel constriction
, C. Influx of macrophages to wall of the pollen, thereby stopping the
attack
D. Inhibition of glandular secretions, which causes a buildup of mucus
in the lungs. Correct Answer-A. Parasympathetic nervous system
stimulation resulting in airway constriction (21) --- The parasympathetic
(PS) fibres are excitatory neurons that respond to acetylcholine.
Stimulation of the PSN is responsible for airway constriction, blood
vessel dilation, and increased glandular secretion. The sympathetic
nervous system (SNS), which responds to the catecholamines
norepinephrine and epinephrine, produces airway dilation, blood vessel
constriction, and inhibition of glandular secretions.
A client who is in a room at 1 atmosphere (760 mmHg) is receiving
supplemental oxygen therapy that is being delivered at a concentration
of 50%. What is the consequent PO2?
A. 38,000 mmHg
B. More data are needed
C. 380 mmHg
D. 15.2 mmHg Correct Answer-C. 380 mmHg (21) --- The laws of
partial pressures states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases, as in
the atmosphere, is equal to the sum of the partial pressures
of the different gases in the mixture. If the concentration of oxygen at
760 mmHg (1 atmosphere) is 50%, its partial pressure is 380 (760x0.5)
A college student is training for a marathon in the mountains. One day,
she experiences a sharp pain and suddenly becomes short of breath. At
the emergency room, CXRay reveals a spontaneous pneumothorax. The
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