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NURS 316 Midterm Exam Study Guide

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  • NURS 316

NURS 316 Midterm Exam Study Guide

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  • October 14, 2024
  • 144
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • NURS 316
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NURS 316 Midterm Exam Study Guide
Pharmacokinetics Correct Answer-How to drug is absorbed, distribution,
metabolism, and excretion. ADME


Pathophysiology Correct Answer-The physiology of altered health
-Deals with:
-cellular changes
-organ changes
-effects of these changes on total body function
-mechanism of the underlying disease


Etiology
Congenital/acquired
Idiopathic/iatrogenic Correct Answer-The study of the causes or reasons
for the disease.
-Congenital:The disease was present at birth
-Acquired: Disease was caused after birth. Infection, metabolic
problems, immune problem, hormonal problem, vascular (thrombus)
-Idiopathic: Don't know the exact cause. May only know risk factors.
Lupus, cancer
-Iatrogenic: Disease caused by health care professionals. Give too much
cortisol can result in Cushing's. Injections can lead to abscesses.


Pathogenesis

,Example of pathogenesis Correct Answer-Evolution of a disease from
the initial stimulus to the ultimate expression of the manifestations of the
disease: pathology and pathophysiology


Example: Hypertension patients can get left ventricular hypertrophy if
blood pressure not under control


Difference between pathophysiology and pathogenesis Correct Answer-
The main difference between pathophysiology and pathogenesis is that
pathophysiology describes the physiological process associated with a
particular disease or injury whereas pathogenesis describes the
development of the disease.


Symptoms Vs Signs Correct Answer-Symptoms: Patient's perception;
their feeling


Signs: Patient may not know there is something wrong but the signs
suggest otherwise. *blood pressure (pt unaware of high bp)


Both sign and symptoms= Hemoptysis (blood in sputum), and
Hematuria (blood in urine)


Clinical course (the evolution of a disease) Correct Answer--Latent
period/incubation period
-Prodromal period: Nonspecific signs and symptoms. General weakness,
lack of appetite. Don't know the disease yet.
-Sublinical

,-Acute/chronic
-Exacerbations and remissions
-Convalescence.


The diagnostic process requires Correct Answer--History taking
-Physical examination
-Diagnostic tests


Epidemiology Correct Answer-The study of disease in populations


How disease is spread


How to control disease


How to prevent disease


How to eliminate disease


Morbidity Correct Answer-describes the effects an illness has on a
person's life


Mortality Correct Answer-Pertains to the causes of death in a given
population

, Studies to determine risk factors Correct Answer-Cross-sectional studies
Case-control studies
Cohort studies


Cross-sectional studies: Correct Answer-use the simultaneous collection
of information necessary for classification of exposure and outcome
status


Smokers: Lung cancer? or No lung cancer?


Non-smokers: Lung cancer? or No lung cancer?


Case-control studies Correct Answer-compare case subjects to control
subjects


Disease: smoker? or non-smoker?


No disease


Cohort studies Correct Answer-involve groups of people born at the
time or who share some factor


Framingham study Correct Answer-Relationship between LDL and
HDL in relation to cardiac events and stroke

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