Bio 121 Final Exam 2 Questions And All Correct Answers.
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Course
BIO 121
Institution
BIO 121
What are the three hypothesis of inheritance - Answer 1. There are alternative forms of "factors"(allels)
2. For each inherited trait, there are 2 allels from each parent
3. Sperm and egg only carrie one allel
4. When 2 allels are different in a pair, one is expressed
Principal of segregat...
Bio 121 Final Exam 2 Questions And All
Correct Answers.
What are the three hypothesis of inheritance - Answer 1. There are alternative forms of "factors"(allels)
2. For each inherited trait, there are 2 allels from each parent
3. Sperm and egg only carrie one allel
4. When 2 allels are different in a pair, one is expressed
Principal of segregation - Answer When two allels in a pair are different, 1 is fully expressed while the
other is masked
Locus - Answer Location on a chromosome
Homozygous - Answer Pair of the same allels (RR) or (rr)
Heterozygous - Answer Pair of two different allels (Rr)
Phenotype - Answer Physical expressed traits
Genotype - Answer Actual genetic makeup of an organism
What do you do if there are 4 allels that segregate independently - Answer Dihybrid cross
Probability - Answer Outcome of that event/ total # of possible outcomes
Incomplete dominance - Answer F1 hybrids are intermediate between parental genotype (pink flowers)
Complementation - Answer One of the two pairs of allels needs to be homozygous dominant to express
phenotype
, Epistasis - Answer One allel pair masks the effect of the other pair (lab dogs)
Modifier gene - Answer Controlled by 1 locus
Polygenics of quantitative traits - Answer Controlled by 5-10 loca,(height/skin/hair color)
Pleitrophy - Answer Single gene has multiple phenotypic effects characteristics (deafness in white cats)
Penetrance - Answer % of individuals carrying a gene and expressing phenotype
Expressivity - Answer Degree to which a gene is expressed(mild or severe)
Epigenetics - Answer When experiences change the way DNA is expressed, can be passed to offspring.
Concordance rates - Answer Probability that a pair of individuals both have a certain trait
Autosomal recessive - Answer Harmful gene Inherited by having both carrier parents
Autosomal dominance - Answer Harmful dominant allel typically late onset, expressed later in life.
Sex linked - Answer Locus is on X and Y chromosomes, will affect males more than females
What neucleotides are in DNA - Answer Adenine-thymine(uracil)
Granine(cytosine)
Transcription - Answer When mRNA records the DNA template.
Translation - Answer The decoding of mRNA into polypeptides
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